Christianity and Judaism
Jesus lived during which temple period
Second Temple
What is a prophet? Who is the most famous prophet of Islam?
A Prophet is someone who receives messages from God. Mohammad is the famous prophet of Islam
When was the enlightenment period?
Which movement is Zechariah Frenkel a part of?
The conservative movement
Identify two laws of Dhimmi status
Jews could not have politcal power over Muslims Jews could not build their houses taller than Muslism,
What were three pillars of the enlightenment?
2. Individual rights
3. Questioning Authority
Name two major changes to the siddur and/ or prayer service by early reformers
removal of references to Israel, including rebuilding of the temple and Messiah
Use of language of the country in sermons and some parts of prayer instead of hebrew or yiddish
Use of organ in temple to emulate church
Name three examples of Medieval Antisemitism
Blood libels, ghettos, identifying symbols
What were three defining features of the Golden Age of Spain
Religious and cultural flourishing, political power, integration without assimilation
Why was Napoleon an important figure in Jewish History?
He emancipated the Jews - releasing them from Ghettos, and gave them full rights as citizens
Which movement is characterised by the slogan Torah V Avodaj (Torah and work), and why?
Modern Orthodoxy. It refers to upholding Torah laws entirely, while also being able to work in the modern economy.
What did Augustine mean when he quoted psalms, saying "slay them not, lest my people forget, scatter them by thy power"
Jews should not be killed as they are a reminder of the historical roots of Christianity, yet, they are to be treated as poorly, and should be scattered and weak
What event thoroughly marked the end of the Golden Age of Spain?
The Reconquista, the inquisition, and subsequent expulsion of Jews from Spain (1492)
What was a challenge Judaism faced due to emancipation?
Explain how two different sects of Judaism have different relationships to modernity and halacha (whether it changes, and whether it is binding)
The reform movement embraces modernity and change, views Halacha as non binding
The conservative movement embraces modernity, and believes that Halacha changes with history, but that Halacha is binding
The modern orthodox movement embraces modernity as long as it does not encroach onto Halacha, and views halacha as mostly unchnaging, and binding
The ultraorthodox movement shuns modernity, views halacha as unchanging and binding
Name one political, and one religious reason there was tension between the Jews and Mohammad during Mohammad's lifetime?
Religious: Jews did not believe that Mohammad was a prophet, because the age of prophecy had been over for about 1000 years.
Political: Jews were accused of breaking the agreements in the constitution of Medinah, and siding with old allies against the growing Muslim Military force.
Explain the significance of this quote, and during which period it was said: “France… is our Palestine [Land of Israel], its mountains are our Zion, its rivers our Jordan. Let us drink the water of these sources; it is the water of liberty… ! ”
This quote is significant because Jews abandoned the centrality of Israel/ Zion, in order to be seen as full, emancipated, integrated citizens of France. This quote was said by an emancipated Jew
A khumra is a stringency on Jewish law, made in order to ensure that the base law if followed. e.g. not touching a pen on Shabbat as it may lead you to write with the pen.