PSYCHIATRY
What is the definition of treatment-resistant depression?
No remission after trials of two or more antidepressants at therapeutic doses for more than 6 weeks.
This blood thinner needs to be started with heparin to prevent blood clots until it begins to work.
What is warfarin?
Immunocompromised patient presents subacute headache, nuchal rigidity, photophobia, CSF; increased opening pressure, increased protein, and a mononuclear cell pleocytosis. Treatment is with amphotericin B
What is Cryptococcus neoformans?
lower extremity pain that worsens with spinal extension and improves with flexion
What is spinal stenosis?
This autoimmune disorder is a common cause of recurrent early pregnancy loss and deep venous thrombosis.
What is antiphospholipid antibody syndrome?
Name one medication commonly used as an add-on therapy in treatment-resistant depression.
Bupropion, Mirtazapine, Pramipexole, Aripiprazole, Quetiapine, Olanzapine, Brexpiprazole, Lithium, TCAs, Ketamine.
In this kidney condition; FeNa greater than 1%, Muddy brown casts under a microscope, urine SG < 1.010
What is ATN?
The most appropriate treatment involves a combination of these two antibiotics for pelvic inflammatory disease.
What are Ceftriaxone and Doxycycline?
Bell's palsy; unilateral facial nerve palsy affects the entire face, including the forehead, and is typically treated with ...
Steroids and sometimes antiviral medications.
This vaginal condition is marked by a gray, thin, malodorous discharge, a pH above 4.5, a fish-like odor when treated with KOH, and the presence of clue cells on wet mount microscopy.
What is bacterial vaginosis?
What is the mechanism of ketamine?
Antagonism of NMDA receptors on glutamatergic neurons
This type of medication is strongly recommended for individuals with existing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, LDL cholesterol levels above 190 mg/dL, or a ten-year ASCVD risk score > 7.5%.
What are statins?
This opportunistic infection can cause retinitis and retinal necrosis in HIV/AIDS patients with CD4+ counts below 50 cells/ml
What is CMV retinitis?
BPPV triggered by changes in head position and are caused by dislodged otoliths entering the semicircular canals. They can be diagnosed using the ....
Dix-Hallpike test
This acute postpartum infection of the uterine lining is typically polymicrobial and presents with fever, severe tenderness of the uterine fundus, and mucopurulent vaginal discharge
What is postpartum endometritis?
What type of receptor do psychedelics primarily act on to induce changes in mood and cognition?
5-HT2A serotonin receptors
In patients with impaired kidney function, which opioids should be avoided?
Morphine
Meperidine
Codeine
Tramadol
AIDS patients with CD4+ counts below 100 presents with seizures, focal neurological deficits, and ring-enhancing lesions on neuroimaging
What is cerebral toxoplasmosis?
Huntington disease ; inherited neurodegenerative disorder is characterized by involuntary choreiform movements, ataxia, neuropsychiatric decline. MRI finding characterized by
Atrophy of the caudate nucleus
This nerve injury can occur during delivery due to hyperflexion of the thigh, causes numbness in the anterior and medial thigh, weakening of the quadriceps muscle and reduced patellar reflexes.
What is femoral nerve injury?
Which neuromodulation technique is typically administered five days a week for about six weeks and targets the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to improve network connectivity in patients with treatment-resistant depression?
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
This condition, often triggered by illness or surgery, presents with severe low blood pressure, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. It is treated with IV hydrocortisone or dexamethasone and fluids, often without waiting for lab confirmation.
What is acute adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crisis)?
In patients with HIV and a CD4 count <50/mm³, this infection presents with fever, cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, night sweats, splenomegaly, and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Diagnosis is confirmed by blood cultures, and treatment includes clarithromycin or azithromycin.
What is disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection?
lower extremity numbness, weakness, paralysis, hyporeflexia, perineal anesthesia, fecal incontinence with poor rectal tone, and overflow incontinence.
What is cauda equina syndrome?
This fetal position is considered optimal for labor as it facilitates the cardinal movements of delivery.
What is the occiput anterior position?