Yale Bowles' Gene Transcription (Part II)

A

100

The binding of ________ is required for transcription to start.

RNA polymerase

200

Each RNA molecule has a defined lifespan and decays at a specific rate.  This rate of decay is referred to as?

RNA stability

300

RNA splicing occurs in the ________.

nucleus

B

100

In eukaryotic cells, the RNA transcript often contains regions, called?

 introns

200

The _________, or miRNAs, are short single-stranded RNA molecules that are only 21–24 nucleotides in length.

microRNAs

300

A(n) ________ prevents the binding of transcription factors.

repressor

C

100

The regions of RNA that code for protein are called?

exons

200

Which of the following are involved in post-transcriptional control?

1. control of RNA splicing
2. control of RNA shuttling
3. control of RNA stability
4. all of the above

D. all of the above

300

The rate at which RNA decays is known as ________.

RNA stability

500

Which of the following is FALSE regarding RNA stability?

Responses

• RNA has a set lifespan which allows for the production of all proteins to always occur for the same amount of time before RNA degradation.
• miRNAs work to destroy targeted RNA molecules
• RNA stability can be decreased
• RNA-binding proteins are able to slow down the degradation of RNA

RNA has a set lifespan which allows for the production of all proteins to always occur for the same amount of time before RNA degradation.

D

100

 the RNA is processed and the introns are removed by?

splicing

200

Binding of a miRNAs will ________ the stability of the RNA molecule.

Decrease 

300

Changes in gene regulation that are caused by modifications to histones and the DNA, but not the nucleotide sequence itself, are known as ________.

epigenetic

500

Much of gene regulation occurs during transcription with the help of transcription factors. Which of the following would result in an increase in transcription?

Responses

• A repressor binding to a promoter region.
• A transcription factor failing to bind to the TATA box.
• The failure of RNA polymerase to bind to the RNA molecule
• A transcription factor binding to an enhancer region.

A transcription factor binding to an enhancer region.

E

100

The _________, which is placed on the 5′ end of the mRNA and poly-A tail

 5′ cap

200

Gene regulation happens in many steps throughout protein synthesis. Which of the following regulatory processes happens FIRST before all of the others?

Responses

• Translation
• RNA splicing
• RNA stability
• The movement of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

RNA splicing

500

What will result from the binding of a transcription factor to an enhancer region?

1. decreased transcription of an adjacent gene
2. increased transcription of a distant gene
3. alteration of the translation of an adjacent gene
4. initiation of the recruitment of RNA polymerase

increased transcription of a distant gene