Skeletal
Name two types of bones and give one example for each
Long, flat, sesamoid, irregular, short (e.g.'s will vary)
Name two muscles on the posterior side of the body and two on the anterior
P - Gluteus maximus, latisimuss dorsi, hamstring, gastrocnemius
A - Bicep, pectoral, rectus abdominus, quadricep
Right atrium, right ventricle
Left atrium, left ventricle
Name the three energy systems
ATP/PC
Lactic Acid
Aerobic
Name and provide the numbers of each section of the vertebral column
Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacrum - 5
Coccyx- 3-5
With an example, explain the difference between an agonist and antagonist
Agonist - muscle that contracts and shortens during movement
Antagonist - muscle that relaxes and lengthens to allow movement to occur.
(Examples will vary)
What is the function of arteries and veins?
Arteries = carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
Veins = carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
For each energy system, list:
Type of system
Duration and
examples
ATP/PC - Anaerobic, 10-12 seconds, 100m sprint
Lactic Acid - Anaerobic, 30 seconds-2 min, 400m
Aerobic - Aerobic, 2 min+, marathon
Explain the following structures of synovial joints with examples:
Cartilage
Ligament
Tendon
Cartilage (covers ends of muscles, e.g. between vertebrae discs)
Ligament (connect bone to bone, e.g. ACL)
Tendon (connect muscle to bone, e.g. achilles tendon)
Using an example for each, describe the following muscular contractions.
Concentric
Eccentric
Isometric
Concentric - muscle shortens (up phase)
Eccentric - muscle lengthens (down phase)
Isometric - muscle length remains the same (plank)
Explain the flow of blood through the heart, naming the structures it passes.
Enters through VC, RA, tricuspid valve, RV, pulmonary artery to lungs (OXYGEN), pulmonary vein to LA, LV to aorta to be distributed around the body
Describe the relationship between the three energy systems, using examples.
Energy systems all work together to provide energy to the body, at any one time there will be a dominant energy systems. (Examples will vary)