Universe
Fill in the blanks:
Star produce their own _______________ and ___________.
Light and heat
Which scientist discovered the three laws of motion?
Isaac Newton
What animal did Charles Darwin discover on the Galapogos Islands?
Finches
What two things need to happen in order for a chemical reaction to occur?
Reactants must collide with enough energy.
What does DC stand for?
Direct current
What is a light-year?
It is the distance light travels in one year.
What is another name for the first law of motion?
Inertia
What is the driving force of evolution?
Natural selection
H2 + O2 ----> H2O
Identify the product in the equation above.
Bonus 50 points: Balance the equation.
H2O
Bonus: 2H2 + O2 ----> 2H2O
Explain the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy.
Bonus: Identify one renewable and non-renewable energy source.
Compare a planet to a moon.
Planets orbit a star whereas moons orbit a planet.
Planets must also be massive enough to be rounded by their own gravity and "clear" their orbital path of other debris, whereas moons do not have these criteria
What is the first law of motion?
Bonus 50 points: Give an example of the first law of motion.
An object in motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an unablanced force.
What are the three key components of natural selection?
Bonus 50 points: Use an examlpe to explain each key component.
Variation: differences in offspring.
Selective Pressure: A change in the environment that causes an organism to adapt.
Reproduction: the organism with the more advantageous trait will survive and reproduce (increasing the trait in the population).
How does temperature affect collision theory?
Temperature increases the energy of reactant which increases the number of successful collisions.
Compare the flow of electrons in AC and DC currents.
DC currents is the one-way flow of electrons whereas AC currents is the back and forth flow of electrons.
What elements make up a star?
Hydrogen and Helium
What is the second law of motion?
Force = Mass x Acceleration
What do you call a change in the DNA that leads to a new trait?
A mutation
How does surface area affect collision theory?
Increasing the surface area will increase the number of reactants that can collide with other reactants. This will increase the number of collisions.
Compare the advatages of AC and DC currents.
An advatage of DC currents is that is can be stored whereas an advantage of AC currents is that it can travel long distances.
Describe nuclear fusion.
The inward force of gravity is equal to the outward force of gravity which will keep the star stable.
What is the third law of motion?
Bonus 50 points: Give an example of the third law of motion.
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Describe the three types of mutations.
Beneficial: The mutation increases the survival of the organism.
Harmful: The mutation decreases the surviva of the organism.
Neutal: The mutation has no effect on the organism.
How does a catalyst increase the rate of reaction?
A catalyst will lower the activation energy so reactants dont need as much energy to create a chemical reaction. This means there will be more successful collisons.
Explain how a wind turbine generates electricity using coils and a magnet.
Wind moves the blades of a wind turbine which generates kinetic energy. This kinetic energy will move a generator (a magent surrounded by coils) which will convert the kinetic energy into electrical energy to be used.