Characteristics of Living Things
What is metabolism?
All the chemical reactions in our body.
Viruses have a nucleus. True or false.
False.
Organelles are parts of cells. True or false.
Name 3 polysaccharides of glucose.
2. Starch
3. Cellulose
4. Chitin
In hypotonic solutions, plant cells become...?
Turgid.
During photosynthesis, oxygen is produced and released from the stomata. Which characteristic of life does this represent?
Excretion.
Viruses are not made from cells (acellular). True or false.
True.
Tissues are more complex than organs. True or false.
False.
They have big surface area: volume ratio. They can rely on diffusion alone.
Which layer of the leaf has the most chloroplasts?
Palisade Mesophyll Layer.
What is the difference between an eukaryote and prokaryote?
- Eukaryote = have nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
- Prokaryote = no nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.
Plasmodium Falciparum - Protoctist.
Which organelle exerts a pressure to maintain the shape of a plant cell? What do we call this pressure?
- Turgor Pressure
What reagent is used to test for starch? What would be the color change?
Iodine solution > blue-black color.
What are two differences between active and passive transport?
1. Passive transport moves from high to low concentration.
- Active transport moves from low to high.
2. Passive transport does not need energy from the cell.
- Active transport needs ATP.
What is respiration?
Chemical reaction where we get energy from food/glucose.
HIV can lead to...?
AIDS.
What is the site of protein synthesis?
Ribosomes.
What reagent is used to test for protein? What is the color change?
Biuret solution > violet.
What are two differences between osmosis and diffusion?
1. Osmosis is the movement of water while diffusion is the movement of solutes.
2. Osmosis needs a partially permeable membrane (cell membrane) while diffusion does not always need it.
Why are viruses not considered living things?
- Cannot do MRS C GREN.
- Even if they can reproduce, they can't reproduce without a host.
Bacteria, fungi, and plants have cell walls. What are their cell walls made from?
- Fungi = chitin
- Plants = cellulose.
Which organelle is involved in support and withstanding internal pressure in a plant cell?
Cell Wall.
What happens to enzymes above the optimum temperature?
Enzymes denature (lose their shape) > substrate can no longer fit in active site > less product produced.
1. High temperature
2. Large surface area (large surface area: volume ratio).
3. Short distance
4. Large concentration gradient.