Cell Biology 1
The control center of the cell
What is the nucleus?
Cells without a nucleus
What are prokaryotes?
Organisms that consist of just one cell
What is unicellular?
This factor affects enzyme activity by altering the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme, rendering it non-functional.
What is denaturation?
This substance, often a vitamin or mineral, is required by enzymes to function properly
What is a co-factor?
Surrounds each cell of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
What is the Cell membrane
Organisms made of many cells
What is multicellular?
These biological catalysts speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
What are enzymes?
Organelle that creates energy for the cell
What is mitochondria?
The phospholipid bilayer is made up of a phosphate head that is ____________ and fatty acid tails that are _________________
What is hydrophilic and hydrophobic?
Cells in a solution that is MORE concentrated than their own cytoplasm
What is hypertonic?
This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose
What is photosynthesis?
cells in a solution that is LESS concentrated than their own cytoplasm
What is hypotonic?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum has what attached to it?
What are ribosomes?
This process involves the movement of large molecules into the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane.
What is endocytosis?
This organelle is gel like and holds organelles in the cell
What is cytoplasm?
This process involves the movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy
What is active transport?
When cells and the solution surrounding them contain equal amounts of solute
What is isotonic?
This process allows water to move through the "semi permeable" membrane of the cell to balance solutes
What is osmosis?
Most enzymes end with this suffix
What is "-ase"
What is the lysosome?
This type of transport does not require energy and involves the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is passive transport?
This organelle that transports substance inside of the cell
What is vesicle?
What happens to a protein if it is exposed to a temperature outside of its range of tolerance?
What is denature?
This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in peroxisomes.
What is catalase?