Cell Biology 1
The control centre of the cell
the nucleus
Cells without a nucleus
prokaryotes?
Organisms that consist of just one cell
unicellular?
This factor affects enzyme activity by altering the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme, rendering it non-functional.
denaturation?
This substance, often a vitamin or mineral, is required by enzymes to function properly
a co-factor?
Surrounds each cell of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Cell membrane
Organisms made of many cells
multicellular?
These biological catalysts speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.
enzymes?
Organelle that creates energy for the cell
mitochondria?
The phospholipid bilayer is made up of a phosphate head that is ____________ and fatty acid tails that are _________________
hydrophilic and hydrophobic?
Cells in a solution that is MORE concentrated than their own cytoplasm
hypertonic?
This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose
photosynthesis?
cells in a solution that is LESS concentrated than their own cytoplasm
hypotonic?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum has what attached to it?
ribosomes?
This process involves the movement of large molecules into the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane.
endocytosis?
This organelle is gel like and holds organelles in the cell
cytoplasm?
This process involves the movement of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration using energy
active transport?
When cells and the solution surrounding them contain equal amounts of solute
isotonic?
This process allows water to move through the "semi permeable" membrane of the cell to balance solutes
osmosis?
Most enzymes end with this suffix
"-ase"
Organelle that holds enzymes in ANIMAL CELLS ONLY
the lysosome?
This type of transport does not require energy and involves the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
passive transport?
This organelle that transports substance inside of the cell
vesicle?
What happens to a protein if it is exposed to a temperature outside of its range of tolerance?
denature?
This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in peroxisomes.
catalase?