Body Systems &
Movement
Movement
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs.
Define the term “socioeconomic determinant.”
A factor like income, education, or occupation that influences health outcomes.
What is a chronic disease?
A long-lasting health condition that often can’t be cured, like diabetes.
Why should health information come from reputable sources?
To ensure accuracy, reliability, and safety.
What does “equity of access” mean in healthcare?
Ensuring everyone has fair opportunity to obtain health services regardless of their background.
Name two muscles involved in shoulder movement
Deltoid & Rotator Cuff (Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis)
Give an example of a behavioural determinant of health.
Physical activity levels or dietary habits.
Name one behavioural and one biological risk factor for heart disease.
Behavioural: smoking; Biological: high blood pressure.
List two criteria for evaluating online health information.
Author credentials and publication date.
Name one digital technology improving healthcare access in rural areas.
Telehealth services
Describe how the cardiovascular and muscular systems work together during exercise.
The cardiovascular system delivers oxygen-rich blood to muscles, enabling sustained movement.
Explain how education can influence health literacy.
Higher education equips individuals to understand and use health information effectively.
Compare the impact of communicable vs non-communicable diseases.
Communicable diseases are infectious and often have sudden onset, while non-communicable diseases develop slowly and are long-term.
How does sponsorship affect the credibility of health content?
Sponsors may bias the content to promote products, potentially compromising objectivity.
Explain how the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) influence global health policy.
They provide shared targets (e.g., SDG 3: Good Health and Wellbeing) for countries to coordinate efforts and measure progress.
Explain the role of synovial fluid in joint health.
It lubricates the joint, reduces friction, and nourishes cartilage.
Discuss how the physical environment contributes to community health.
Features like clean water, green spaces, pollution control, and safe infrastructure affect disease prevalence and wellbeing.
Explain why an ageing population may increase chronic disease rates.
Older adults tend to have higher accumulation of risk factors and lower physiological resilience, increasing disease incidence.
Describe a systematic approach to assess the validity of a health claim.
Check source authority, evidence backing, date of publication, cross-check with peer-reviewed studies, and evaluate objectivity.
Analyse how privatisation may affect healthcare affordability and coverage.
It can drive innovation and choice but may also increase costs and reduce equity if not regulated.
Analyse how biomechanical principles enhance the efficiency of a running gait.
By optimizing force application, alignment, and stride mechanics, biomechanical efficiency reduces energy expenditure and injury risk.
Evaluate how interacting determinants can worsen health inequities.
Low income may limit education access, reducing health literacy and increasing exposure to poor physical environments and risky behaviours.
Propose a policy initiative targeting chronic disease prevention and justify its use.
Implementing sugar taxes and public exercise infrastructure could reduce obesity, enhance community activity, and alleviate healthcare costs.
Critically assess the ethical implications of targeted health advertisements on social media.
They can exploit consumer vulnerability, encourage unnecessary medication, and may involve misuse of personal data.
Evaluate the role of AI in diagnosing disease and the ethical considerations involved.
AI offers faster, more accurate diagnosis through data analysis but raises issues of bias, privacy, accountability, and the potential displacement of human practitioners.