Cog Psych 1
What type of long term memory is this stored in? "I ate yoghurt for breakfast this morning"
Episodic
What type of long term memory is this stored in? "The main currency used in Europe is the Euro"
Semantic
What is the function of the thalamus?
Organises incoming external stimuli to appropriate brain regions
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Controls automatic functions of the body i.e. heart rate, blood pressure
State the 3 different investigation designs in Psychology.
Experimental, observational and qualitative
What is a flashbulb memory?
A vivid, long-lasting memory about an event where a high level of emotion was felt
What is the correct way of stating the "smelling" sense?
Olfactory
What is one subjective measurement of emotion?
Self-report rating scales, open-ended questions in interview
Explain why a heart rate monitor can be used as a measure of emotion.
The physiological response of many emotions is increased/decreased HR therefore it can be used to measure a change in emotions.
Which SHE concept is most evident in this sentence?
Anxiety levels have been rising in teenagers, which has caused scientists to investigate why.
Influence
List the 3 different types of LTM and give one example for each type.
Episodic - example must have a "time" and a "place"
Semantic - example must be a fact/piece of knowledge
Procedural - example must be a skill
I need to remember a list of 15 names. What is one strategy that I can use to memorise the whole list (other than repeated the list over and over in my head)?
Reworking – putting information in your own words or talking about it with someone else.
Imagery – by creating an image of something you want to remember, you elaborate on it and encode it visually (i.e. a mind map).
Method of loci – when trying to remember a list of items, linking each with a familiar place or route.
Acronyms – an abbreviation or phrase made up of the first letters of different words.
Explain this emotional experience using the 3 components.
Sarah feels upset at her boyfriend because he didn't get her a Valentine's Day present. She feels nauseous and a lump in her throat. Her eyebrows are turned outward and her posture is slouched over.
Subjective feelings - Sarah's interpretation of the event has made her feel upset
Physiological responses - Feels nauseous/lump in her throat
Expressive behaviour - Facial expression and slouched posture
What is the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system in emotional experiences?
Sympathetic nervous system - causes anxiety, fear, surprise etc.
Parasympathetic nervous system - relaxes the body after experiencing anxiety, surprise, fear etc.
What is random allocation? Which design is it used in? Why is it used?
Randomly allocating participants to your control and experimental groups. Used in experimental designs only. To remove any bias in group creation.
What are the biological, psychological and social causes of memory loss? (one symptom per level)
Biological: brain damage, neuron damage, AOD use
Psychological: mental health disorders i.e. depression, bipolar
Social: playing sports that cause regular concussions, social isolation
What are the 2 main brain structures involved in memory creation? What are their functions?
Hippocampus - to generate LTM's
Cortex - to store LTM's
What is the James Lange theory of emotion? Explain it using an example.
Stimulus --> physiological arousal --> emotion
e.g. Dog barking at your aggressively --> increased heart rate --> fear
There is a lot of research that indicates emotional intelligence is positively correlated with life success.
Which research design was used to find this out? Justify your answer.
Observational - no manipulation of variables - only observation of the difference in life success in high EQ participants VS low EQ participants (these are the pre-existing groups). This had to be used as you cannot randomly allocate participants into high/low EQ groups.
Draw the modal model of memory on the board.
Sensory Memory --(paid attention to)--> Working Memory --(rehearsed, encoded)--> Long Term Memory
Long Term Memory --(retrieval)--> Working Memory
What are the biological, psychological and social symptoms of Alzheimer's? (one symptom per level)
Biological: Decreased brain matter, damage to neurons.
Psychological: Decline in all cognitive functioning i.e. memory, learning, mood
Social: Inability to complete everyday tasks, may require support services, become socially isolated
What are the biological, psychological and social symptoms of anxiety? (one symptom per level)
Bio: FOFR
Psycho: Negative thought patterns, obsessive thoughts
Social: Avoidance
What are the 4 neurotransmitters responsible for happiness? Give one example of when EACH of them are released.
Dopamine - eating
Serotonin - being in the sun
Oxytocin - hanging out with loved ones
Endorphins - exercising