Functional Anatomy
Name the 6 joints
Hinge, Gliding, Saddle, Condyloid, ball & socket & pivot
surfing
throwing a dart
dribbling a basketball during a game
1500m run
surfing-open, gross
throwing a dart-closed or fine
dribbling basketball during game-open, complex
1500m run-continuous, gross
Name the 3 types of motion
Angular
Linear
General
Name in order of use the 3 fuel sources the body uses
Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins
What is it called when an athlete is "in the zone"
Athlete is achieving the ideal performance state
Name the 4 parts of blood and what they are good for
RBC-deliver oxygen
WBC-fight infection
Platelets-clot blood when there is a cut
Plasma-Nourishes blood and transports nutrients
Give 2 reasons for giving feedback
to motivate a performer
correct errors/technique
reinforce learning
improve performance
Name 3 factors that you have control over that affect projectile motion
Height of release
Angle of release
Velocity of release
Name 5 training methods
Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, balance, flexibility, coordination, body composition, agility, speed, power, reaction time
Identify 4 different mental skills that can affect whether an athlete performs at her best or not.
Any 4 of the following:
Concentration, arousal regulation, self-confidence, motivation & stress management
When muscles work in pairs (antagonist pairs) to create a movement-one contracts while the other relaxes
Describe each of the 3 stages of learning
Cognitive-Large number of errors in technique, Repetition of same errors, Inconsistent performance, Slow, jerky movements, Attention to details of activity, Unable to block out irrelevant information
Associative-Inconsistent errors, Movement patterns have developed so smoother movement during technique, Able to regulate technique sometimes to varying environments, Begins to anticipate changes in environment, Begins to show understanding of performance through feeling activity
Autonomous-Errors are minimal, Movement patterns are smooth and fluent, Adjusts to constant changing environment, Confidence to adjust technique during performance to maximise results, Overall performance gains will be slow
To increase balance and stability you need to increase what?
size of base of support
Name 4 long term training effects on a person's cardio-respiratory system.
Describe 3 types of goals used for goal setting
Performance goals: personal targets that an athlete sets for herself to achieve during competition
Outcome goals: targets that relate to the achievement of a desired result from a performance
Process goals: targets that relate to the actions, such as movements/strategies, that lead to desired sporting performance
If you were a red blood cell what path would it take into the heart, lungs and back out to the body.
Inferior/Superior Vena Cava, Right Atrium, Right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, body
Identify and describe the 3 types of cues that a performer can receive.
Visual, Verbal, Proprioceptive
Simultaneous body actions are generally used when the athlete desires what?
And give a sporting example to explain this.
Accuracy
putting, playing darts, shooting for goal etc
Name the 3 energy systems, when they are most dominant and sports they are used for.
ATP-PC system-0-10 seconds, sprints, power sports
Lactic Acid system-10 secs-2/3mins, 400m run, 100m swim
Aerobic system-2/3 mins+, long distance running/swimming
When in the ideal performance state High jumpers must manage their arousal. How does this affect the Inverted U hypothesis and why.
Define heart rate, what its directly proportional to and how do you figure out Target Heart Rate.
Heart rate is how many times your heart beats per minute,
Its directly proportional to exercise intensity
220-age=Target heart rate
What are the 3 types of feedback a coach can give an athlete and what are the different times feedback can be given.
Intrinsic, Extrinsic, Augmented
Terminal-Knowledge of results & knowledge of performance, Concurrent-verbal, non-verbal
1st Law (Law of Inertia)
A body remains in a state of rest or motion unless acted upon by an external force.
2nd Law (Law of acceleration)
The acceleration of an object is proportional to the magnitude of force applied to it.
3rd Law (Law of action-reaction)
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Name and describe 3 principles of training
Progressive overload: gradual increase in workload done by the athlete to ensure that the training program produces long term adaptations in the body and performance improvements
reversibility (detraining) principle: the loss of physiological performance/detraining that results from insufficient/cessation of training or if you don’t use it, you will lose it
specificity principle: involves the training of specific energy systems, fitness components, muscle groups, positions and roles within a given sport or athletes get what they train for so need to train specific to their sport
FITT-frequency, intensity, time, type
Draw Nideffer's Model of Attentional Focus,label each section and give a sporting example for each section
Narrow External-watching the bowler ball to you as a batter
Narrow Internal-mentally rehearsing a shot in your head before doing it
Broad External-running around a tackler to kick a goal
Broad Internal-deciding on the best tactic to use for a sideline throw in or developing a game plan