Mod 7
This type of microorganism can only replicate inside a host cell and is responsible for diseases such as influenza and HIV.
What is a Virus?
This is the term given to any permanent change in the DNA sequence of a cell.
What is a mutation?
This scientist is famous for discovering the basic principles of inheritance using pea plants.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
This term refers to diseases that are not caused by pathogens and cannot be transmitted from one person to another.
What is a non-infectious disease?
This structure controls the passage of substances into and out of a cell.
What is the cell membrane?
This is the name for the physical barrier that prevents pathogens from entering the human body, such as skin and mucous membranes.
What is the first line of defence?
The process of inserting a gene from one organism into another to produce desirable traits is known as this.
What is genetic engineering?
This type of allele will mask the expression of another allele in a heterozygous individual.
What is a dominant allele?
Cystic fibrosis is an example of this kind of disorder, caused by mutations in a specific gene inherited from both parents.
What is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder?
Multicellular organisms have these specialised cells grouped together to perform specific functions.
What are tissues?
These specialised white blood cells produce antibodies to target specific pathogens during the adaptive immune response.
What are B lymphocytes (B cells)?
This technique uses restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis to separate fragments of DNA for analysis.
What is DNA profiling (or DNA fingerprinting)?
This diagram is used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.
What is a Punnett square?
Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are examples of these, often linked to diet, exercise and environmental factors.
What are lifestyle diseases?
This process results in the development of new species over time due to genetic variation and environmental pressures.
What is evolution (or speciation)?
This is the process by which an individual is exposed to a harmless form of a pathogen in order to stimulate immunity without causing disease.
What is vaccination?
These pieces of DNA are formed by combining genetic material from two different species.
What is recombinant DNA?
In this pattern of inheritance, both alleles are fully expressed, such as in the AB blood type.
What is codominance?
The study of patterns, causes and effects of health and disease in populations is called this.
What is epidemiology?
This term describes the relationship where two organisms live together and at least one benefits.
What is symbiosis?
This term describes the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases within populations.
What is epidemiology?
This term describes the movement of genes between populations, often through migration.
What is gene flow?
This tool is used to track inheritance patterns of traits through several generations in a family.
What is a pedigree chart?
This refers to the process of identifying risk factors and implementing strategies to reduce the incidence of non-infectious diseases in communities.
What is prevention or public health intervention?
The process by which water moves through a plant from roots to leaves, driven by evaporation from the leaf surface, is known as this.
What is transpiration?