Cell Structure
The job of the mitochondria.
Turn food into energy for cell functions
What is passive transport?
Transport that requires no energy
What is required for photosynthesis?
Water, sunlight, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Growth and repair
What is an active site?
Where the substrate fits to the enzyme
Where DNA is found in the cell
Nucleus
What is diffusion?
Movement of materials from high concentration to low concentration
What is required for respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
What is meiosis?
Cell division of gametes
Name an enzyme used in DNA replication
Either of DNA polymerase, DNA ligase, helicase
This cell type only has a cell membrane and no cell wall.
Animal cell
The ratio of solute to solvent in a solution
Tonicity
Why is respiration needed?
To create ATP in order for cells to complete functions required for survival
What is DNA replication?
When the DNA strand is split in half in order to create an identical DNA strand for mitosis
What are enzymes made of?
Proteins folded together.
What part of a plant cells allows for it to remain rigid when full of water?
Cell wall
Why is osmosis important in plants?
Water is required for photosynthesis
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration that occurs with oxygen available
How many chromosomes in a mitosis daughter cell?
46
What is denaturation?
Breaking down of the active site so that the substrate cannot fit anymore.
What does chlorophyll do within the chloroplast?
Trap sunlight to use for photosynthesis
What is active transport?
Transport that requires ATP to occur as it requires moving molecules against the concentration gradient.
How many ATP molecules are produced in anaerobic respiration?
2 ATP molecules
Why does decreasing the volume:surface area ratio of a cell lead to cell division?
As the Vol:SA ratio decreases, important nutrients struggle to not only diffuse through the cell but also to reach the organelles that need them which triggers cell division.
What are 3 things that affect enzyme activity?
pH, temperature, concentration of enzymes/substrates