Formality
Language that reflects the relationships between the participants of a communicative exchange
What is tenor?
Pictorial symbols or icons used to represent emotions
What are emojis?
When multiple participants in a discourse speak at once where there may be a power imbalance
What is Uncooperative overlapping speech?
Language that attempts to reduce the imposition placed on the listener or reader, using indirectness or demonstrating respect for autonomy
What is negative politeness?
The repetition of grammatical structures
What is parallelism?
Special words and phrases that are used by particular groups of people, especially in work environments that may not be understood by others
What is jargon?
An informal and conversational style of language used in everyday speech and writing.
What is colloquial language?
A set of phrases that come one after the other, such as question and answer or greeting and response
What are adjacency pairs?
When a speaker moves between two or more langauges in a single interaction to demonstrate in group membership and belonging.
What is code switching?
Placing new or important information in the intial part of a sentence
What is front focus?
Language that purposely oscures or obfuscates or hides meaning
What is double speak?
Informal words or phrases that are commonly used only in particular parts of a country.
Occurs when speakers correct or revise previous utterances.
What are repair sequences?
The desire to be seen as competent and liked by others
What are positive face needs?
The repetition of vowel phonemes across phrases, clauses or sentences
What is assonance?
Language that focuses on inclusivity and equality that avoids prejudice and stereotyping
What is non-discriminatory language?
Language that is considered socially or culturally inappropriate.
What is taboo language?
Linguistic units that speakers use to maintain the flow of conversation but have very little meaning on their own, such as like, so, anyway, you know.
What are discourse particles?
Maintaining control of the conversation through strategies such as pause fillers
What is holding the floor?
When a speaker uses pronouns or possessive determiners to refer to something previously mentioned in a discourse?
What is anaphoric referencing?
Language that persuades or motivates a reader or listener into action that supports the viewpoint of a speaker or writer
What is rhetoric?
The use of words and expressions that are intentionally harsh, offensive or derogatory.
What is dysphemism?
Pauses, voiced hestitations, false starts, repetition
What are non-fluency features?
Revisiting a previously discussed topic in conversation and resurfacing a subject previously mentioned.
What is a topic loop?
Established rules and expectations for how texts are structured, organised or presented.
What are conventions?