Endocrine System
Neurons
Receptors and Reflexes
Nervous System
Homeostasis
100
Which pituitary lobe does NOT synthesis its own hormones?
Posterior Lobe
100
specialised cells made of myeline sheath that surrounds an axon
Schwann Cell
100
What is a receptor?
structure that detects changes in body's internal and external environment.
100
What are the types of nerves
cranial and spinal nerves
100
what is a modulator
control centre responsible for processing information received from the receptor and for sending information to the effector.
200
Solubility of a steroid hormone
does not dissolve in water.
200
Chemicals that cross the synapes
neurotransmitters
200
Name the types of receptors
thermo
Osomo
Chemo
Touch
Pain
200
In the brain, there is white and grey matter. Additionally, deep in the brain there is more grey matter called ...
Basal Ganglia
200
Example of a positive feedback loop
Childbirth. Oxytocin increase.
300
Name the two types of glands in the body
Exocrine and Endocrine glands
300
Draw a multipolar neuron
300
Components of a reflex arch
receptor
sensory neuron
synapes
motor neuron
effector
300
What are the 3 meninges
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
300
compare glycogenolysis and glycogenesis
glycogenolysis - glycogen converts to glucose
glycogenesis - glucose chemically joined in long chains to form glycogen.
400
The process that thousands of hormone molecules manufacture or active one enzyme molecule
enzyme amplification
400
Important functions (3) of myeline sheath
Insulator
protects axon from damage
speeds up movements of nerve impulse along axon
400
Properties of a reflex
- a stimulus is required
- involuntary
- rapid
- stereotyped (occurs the same way each time)
400
function of the corpus callosum
communicates between the two cerebral hemispheres.
400
Name of cells that secrete insulin and glucagon
Islets of Langerhans
Alpha cells - glucagon
Beta cells - insulin
500
3 ways hormones are able to change the functioning of a cell.
- activate genes to produce particular enzymes or proteins
- change shape/structure of enzymes
- change rate of production of enzyme of protein.
500
What are dendrites
short extensions of cytoplasm. Highly branches and send messages INTO the cell body.
500
State two ways in which the endocrine system is similar to the nervous system?
• Some substances function as both hormones and neurotransmitters, for example noradrenaline, antidiuretic hormone and dopamine.
• Some hormones, including oxytocin and adrenaline, are secreted by neurons into the extracellular fluid.
• Some hormones and neurotransmitters have the same effect on the same target cells, for example noradrenaline and glucagon both act on liver cells to cause glycogenolysis.
500
Role of the autonomic nervous system
carries messages to heart and involuntary muscles and glands.
500
How does adrenaline and noradrenaline support Blood glucose levels?
stimulates breakdown of glycogen in liver and release of glucose into blood