Energy Systems
Which energy system is dominant during the 110m hurdle event?
ATP-PC
What is the main cause of fatigue during the 110m Hurdle event?
Depletion of PC
What is Newton's 1st Law?
An object at rest or in motion will remain in that state unless acted upon by another force.
In terms of predictability of the environment, an AFL tackle would be best classified as:
An open skill
Why do you think cognitive learners are called cognitive learners?
Because they are mostly focusing on the skill.
Explain the difference between rate and yeild.
Rate - How fast the energy is produced
Yeild - How much energy is produced.
What are 2 likely causes of fatigue in a marathon?
Dehydration
Thermoregulation - hence thicker blood
Depletion of carbs
Momentum is made up of what 2 things?
Velocity and Mass
List 2 things you might see in a direct coaching session?
-The coach selects all tasks and how they are sequenced.
-The coach explains how the drill is to be completed.
-The drills are very structured and athletes don't need to think about much.
What is the chemical fuel that our bodies use?
Phosphocreatine or creatine phosphate
What energy systems are dominant in the following events:
1. 400m sprint
2. Shot put
3. 1500m run
1. Anaerobic system
2. ATP-PC
3. Aerobic
What is the difference between peripheral fatigue and central fatigue?
Central - occurs to the whole body (Thermoregulation)
Peripheral - is fatigue within a certain muscle or group of muscles (build up of by-products)
Give an example of each type of lever in the body
1st class - Head/neck, Elbow when extending
2nd class - Foot when jumping
3rd class - Elbow when bicep curling
List 3 characteristics of someone in the cognitive stage of learning.
-Make plenty of mistakes
-Learn/improve quickly
-Inconsistent
-Try to comprehend the skill
Which type of levers always have a mechanical advantage more than 1?
2nd class levers
Athlete A can run at 12km/h whilst using mainly fats whilst athlete B uses mainly carbs when running at 12km/h. Which athlete would be better suited to an endurance event and why?
Athlete A - he is able to work at higher intensities whilst using fats therefore is aerobic system is more efficient. This also means he will be able to work at higher intensities before reaching LIP.
Explain why switching from using carbohydrates to fats causes fatigue?
Having to reduce the intensity of work is a result of fatigue. When switching from carbs to fats the body must use more oxygen to break down these fats. This also takes longer and therefore the rate of ATP production reduces. Less ATP production means less energy for our muscles and hence a reduction in the intensity.
Explain how a wicket keeper in cricket should use impulse to their advantage?
Start with arms extended and bring them in to the body as the ball makes contact with their gloves. This allows the force to be applied over a longer period of time and hence won't cause injury.
Explain the different between knowledge of results and knowledge of performance.
KR - specific feedback about the outcome of the task eg. 4 out 6 shots went in
KP - feedback about how the athlete performed the task eg. You need to keep your elbow in when swinging the raquet.
What are the work to rest ratios needed to train each energy system?
ATP-PC - 1:4 or 1:5
Anaerobic - 1:3 or 1:2
Aerobic - 1:1 or 1:0.5
Briefly explain how the energy systems would work together to supply energy to a centre player in netball.
-All systems are working together at all stages to provide energy.
-ATP-PC supplies most energy during short sharp movements (Sprint, dodge, jump) particularly at the start of quarters/after timeouts. It may be replenished during breaks in play.
-Anaerobic system will supply lots of energy during repeated efforts and for most explosive movements after PC is depleted.
-Aerobic system will be dominant over the course of the match particularly during periods of rest or low intensity movements. It will help replenish PC during these times.
Explain in which situations an active recovery or a passive recovery would be best and why.
Active recovery - Better after events in which metabolic by products have accumulated (H+ ions). An active recovery allows an elevated blood flow to assist in removing these by products and also creates a muscle pump.
Passive - Best after shorter events in which PC stores have been depleted. A passive recovery allows for a faster PC replenishment.
Explain what is meant by the term conservation of angular momentum?
Whilst an athlete/object is rotating their angular momentum will remain unchanged. If the athlete increases their moment of interia (Pike position) their angular velocity will decrease. If they decrease moment of interia (Tuck position) their angular velocity will increase.
Noah lives in a rural town called chumpville which is 95 mins away from the nearest town. Chumpville has 40 residents and Noah is home schooled. Noah wants to be an NBA player. List and explain 2 sociocultrual factors that would affect Noah's learning/improvement of basketball.
Community - There would most likely not be many people in his town that play basketball.
Peer/Friends - Chances are they might not like basketball
SES - In a rural setting Noah's family may not be able to afford transport to other towns to play.
Cultrual beliefs/traditions
Family
In terms of muscular acute responses what does TEROR stand for?
Temperature
Enzyme activity
Recruitment of fibres
Oxygen extraction
Reduction of fuels