Normal human structure
What’s the artery supplying the cervical part of the esophagus?
Inferior thyroid artery
What’s the only digestive secretion entirely under neural control?
Salivary secretion
What is inflammation of the salivary glands called?
Sialadenitis
What is the anticoagulant never given IM due to a high risk of hematoma?
Heparin
What's the infective stage of Giardia lamblia?
Cyst
What is the structure dividing the submandibular salivary gland into 2 parts (superficial & deep)?
Mylohyoid muscle.
What structure formed by bile salts is essential for the absorption of dietary fats?
Micelles
Which type of jaundice is caused by hemolysis?
Unconjugated (pre-hepatic) hyperbilirubinemia
Give an example of an opioid agonist.
Diphenoxylate, Loperamide
What's the selective medium of H.Pylori?
Skirrow's medium
What are the three types of granules found in blood platelets?
α-granules, δ-granules and λ granules (alpha, delta and lambda)
Which form of Hb is termed “relaxed” or “R” conformational state?
Oxyhemoglobin
What's the most common cause of acute pancreatitis?
Gallstones (cholelithiasis)
Which H2-receptor antagonist has 100% oral bioavailability?
Nizatidine
Cutaneous Sparganosis is a complication caused by which GI parasite?
Diphyllobothrium mansoni
What’s the lymphatic drainage of the fundus of the stomach?
Pancreatico-splenic lymph nodes
What’s the enzyme released from the small intestine which activates the enzyme Trypsinogen?
Enteropeptidase
What's the hallmark feature of Adenoid cystic carcinoma?
Perineural invasion
Which group of anti-emetic drugs act mainly through inhibition of dopamine and muscarinic receptors?
Phenothiazines
Vincent’s angina is caused by which type of bacteria?
Fusospirochaetes
What’s the large cranial part of the liver bud called? (embryology)
Pars hepatica
What are the clotting factors that require vitamin K for their synthesis?
Factors II, VII, IX and X
What’s the defining genetic feature of Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia?
BCR-ABL gene (Philadelphia chromosome)
Which mucosal-protecting agent stimulates prostaglandin release in the stomach but does not prevent NSAID-induced ulcers?
Sucralfate
State 2 diseases belonging to non-hemorrhagic fever diseases.
Brucellosis, Q-fever, Cat-scratch disease, Trench fever, Ehrlichiosis, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis