States of Matter
What are the three main states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas
What organ pumps blood around the body?
Heart
How many planets are there in Solar System?
8
This physicist developed the theory of relativity and is famous for the equation E = mc².
Albert Einstein
Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?
Solid
What gas do we breathe in that is needed by our body cells?
Oxygen
What is the 3rd planet from the Sun?
Earth
Known as the “Father of Modern Physics,” this scientist formulated the three laws of motion.
Isaac Newton
In which state of matter do particles move freely and spread out to fill the container?
Gas
What part of the blood carries oxygen to all parts of the body?
Red blood cells
What is the name of the star at the centre of our solar system?
The Sun
This Polish-born scientist discovered radioactivity and won two Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry.
Marie Curie
Why do solids have a fixed shape while liquids do not?
In solids, particles are tightly packed and only vibrate in place, while in liquids, particles can move past each other, allowing liquids to flow and take the shape of their container.
Which type of blood vessel connects arteries to veins?
Capillaries
Which planet is known as the Red Planet?
Mars
This inventor and electrical engineer developed the alternating current (AC) system used to power homes and cities today.
Nikola Tesla
What happens to particle movement when a solid is heated?
The particles gain energy, vibrate faster, and may eventually break free from their fixed positions to become a liquid (melting).
What gas do we breathe out after respiration?
Carbon dioxide
Name one terrestrial planet.
Mercury, Venus, Earth , Mars
This Italian scientist improved the telescope and supported the idea that the Earth orbits the Sun.
Galileo Galilei
Explain why gases are easily compressed compared to solids and liquids.
Gas particles are far apart with a lot of empty space between them, so they can be pushed closer together when compressed.
What part of the blood helps fight infections caused by pathogens?
White blood cells
How long does it take for Earth to make one full revolution around the Sun?
One year (365 days)
This physicist discovered the electron using his cathode ray experiment.
J.J. Thomson
Describe how the arrangement and energy of particles change during the process of evaporation.
During evaporation, particles at the surface of a liquid gain enough energy to overcome attractive forces and escape into the air as gas. The particles in the gas have more energy and are more spread out than in the liquid.
Why is it important to wash your hands regularly?
To remove harmful microbes and prevent infections
What does the rotation of the Earth around its axis cause?
The rotation of the Earth around its axis causes day and night.
This German physicist discovered X-rays in 1895.
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Compare the particle arrangement, movement, and energy in solids, liquids, and gases.
Solids – tightly packed, vibrate, low energy. Liquids – close together, move past each other, moderate energy. Gases – far apart, move quickly and randomly, high energy.
What happens in the alveoli inside the lungs?
Gas exchange — oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves it.
How long does it take for the Earth to complete one rotation on its axis?
24 hours (one day)
This English chemist created the periodic table’s modern structure by arranging elements by atomic number.
Henry Moseley