The Vikings
Which region of Europe did the Vikings originally come from?
Scandinavia
Which European country sponsored Vasco da Gama's voyage to India?
Portugal
Who was the first Tudor king of England, who came to power after winning the Battle of Bosworth in 1485?
Henry VII / Henry Tudor
What was the name given to London by the Romans?
Londinium
I was a famous Viking explorer who sailed west from Iceland and established a settlement in Greenland. I gave the island its name to encourage people to settle there. Who am I?
Erik the Red.
What were the famous Viking ships used for raiding, trading and exploring called?
Longships
Which explorer reached the Americas in 1492 while sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean?
Christopher Columbus
Who was the Tudor queen known as the Virgin Queen?
Elizabeth I
Which famous river flows through London and helped the city grow as a centre of trade?
River Thames
I was a Viking explorer and the son of Erik the Red. I am believed to have reached North America around the year 1000 CE, long before Christopher Columbus. Who am I?
Leif Erikson.
What was the name of the area of England where Viking laws and customs were followed?
Danelaw
During the Golden Age of Islam, scholars in the Middle East made important advancements in which TWO fields of knowledge?
Mathematics, astronomy, medicine, geography or science.
(Accept any two.)
What was the name of the social group in Tudor England made up of wealthy landowners below the nobility?
Gentry
In which year did the Great Fire of London destroy much of the city?
1666
I am a small island off the north-east coast of England, famous for its monastery. In 793 CE, Viking raiders attacked me in one of the earliest recorded Viking raids on England. What place am I?
Lindisfarne (Holy Island).
Who was the Viking leader who made a peace agreement with King Alfred the Great?
Guthrum
How did the Ottoman Empire's control of important trade routes between Europe and Asia encourage European explorers to search for new sea routes?
The Ottomans controlled key trade routes and could impose taxes on goods, encouraging Europeans to find alternative sea routes to Asia for direct trade.
Why did Henry VIII break away from the authority of the Roman Catholic Church?
He wanted to annul his marriage to / divorce Catherine of Aragon, and the Pope would not grant the annulment.
Explain TWO problems faced by people living in London during the Industrial Revolution.
Overcrowding, poor sanitation, air pollution, disease or poor housing.
Accept any two.
I was a famous English writer and government official who kept a detailed diary about life in London during the 17th century. I witnessed the Great Fire of London in 1666 and recorded what happened in my diary. Who am I?
Samuel Pepys.
Explain TWO reasons why Viking longships were effective for exploration and raids.
Their shallow hulls allowed travel along rivers and landing on beaches; their sails and oars allowed fast and flexible travel.
Explain TWO ways the Renaissance helped encourage European exploration during the Age of Discovery.
The Renaissance encouraged scientific learning and curiosity about the world. Advances in geography, mapmaking and navigation also helped explorers plan and undertake long-distance voyages.
Explain TWO differences between the lives of wealthy and poor people in Tudor England.
Wealthy people lived in larger homes, wore expensive clothing and enjoyed better food; poor people often lived in small homes, worked long hours and had limited food and resources.
What was the name given to the German bombing campaign against London and other British cities during World War II, and what was ONE effect on civilians?
The Blitz. It caused deaths, destroyed homes, forced people into air-raid shelters and disrupted daily life.
Accept any one effect.
I was a famous English king who lost his crown and his life at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. My defeat marked the end of Plantagenet rule and the beginning of the Tudor dynasty. Who am I?
Richard III