States of Matter
Which state of matter has a fixed shape and fixed volume?
Solid
What are all substances made of?
Particles
What change of state happens when a liquid becomes a gas?
Boiling or evaporation
What usually happens to the speed of particles when they are heated?
They move faster.
Solids have higher densities than liquids. Is this statement true or false?
True
Which state of matter takes the shape of its container but has a fixed volume?
Liquid
In which state are particles packed closely together in a regular arrangement?
Solid
What change of state happens when a gas becomes a liquid?
Condensation
What usually happens to the speed of particles when they are cooled?
They move slower.
Oil and water do not mix. They settle in separate layers. Which layer has the lower density?
Oil is less dense than water.
Which state of matter spreads out to fill all available space?
Gas
In which state are particles close together but able to slide past each other?
Liquid
During boiling, does the substance gain or lose energy?
It gains energy.
What is expansion? Does it happen when being heated or cooled?
When a substance gets bigger because it is heated.
At the surface of a liquid the water particles are attracted to each other. What is this 'thin skin' called?
Surface tension
True or false: All solids, liquids and gases take up space.
True
In which state are particles far apart and moving freely?
Gas
During condensation, does the substance gain or lose energy?
It loses energy.
What is contraction? Does it happen when being heated or cooled?
When a substance gets smaller because it is cooled.
Compare solids and gases using particles.
Solids and gases are both made of particles. However, solid particles are packed closely together, while gas particles are far apart and move freely.
Compare the shape of a solid and a liquid.
A solid keeps its own shape, while a liquid takes the shape of its container.
Explain why a gas can be compressed more easily than a solid.
Gas particles are far apart, so they can be pushed closer together. Solid particles are already packed closely together.
Compare boiling and condensation.
- Refer to energy loss/gain AND state changes.
Boiling is when a liquid changes into a gas because energy is gained. Condensation is when a gas changes into a liquid because energy is lost.
A metal ball no longer fits through a ring after being heated. Has it expanded or contracted?
Expanded
Compare liquids and gases using shape, volume and particles.
Liquids and gases both take the shape of their container. However, liquids have a fixed volume and particles close together, while gases fill all available space and have particles far apart.