Periodic Table
A substance made of only one type of atom
Element
What is an ion?
An ion is a charged atom or molecule where the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons.
An atom which has given or taken electrons and so become charged.
What is the pH range of an acid?
below 7
What is a Chemical reaction?
Chemical Reactions always involve the formation of a new substance
They can also involve the release of energy as heat or light
What is something that can affect the rate of reaction?
Temperature, Concentration, Pressure, Catalyst, Surface Area.
A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.
Compound
What is an isotope?
Atoms which have the same number of Electrons and Protons but different numbers of Neutrons
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, varying their mass number.
What is a pH range of a base?
Above 7
What is a physical reaction?
Physical Reactions only involve a change of state (i.e. conversion of water to ice)
In the equation NaCl + H2O -> HCl + NaOH what are the reactants?
NaCl & H2O
The smallest part of an element that can exist?
Atom
A substance consisting of two or more substances not chemically combined together.
Mixture
A column of the periodic table that contains elements with similar chemical properties.
Group
A row on the periodic table.
Period
A letter or series of letters used to represent an element.
Chemical Symbol
A series of chemical symbols showing the number of atoms of each element in a compound.
Chemical Formula
How many elements are in CO2?
2
How many atoms are in NaCl?
2
Give 2 properties of elements found in alkali metals.
solids art room temperature, very reactive, good conductors of heat and electricity, soft shiny when cut, low density.
List 3 ways to test the pH of a substance
universal indicator, litmus paper, chemical reactions, pH metre
How many elements and atoms are in CH3COOH?
3 elements and 8 atoms
State 3 things that increase as you move down Group 1, Group 7 & Group 0
Atomic radius
Atomic number
Density
Atomic Mass
What are 3 properties of elements found in noble gases?
gas at room temperature, unreactive, poor conductors of heat/electricity, low density.
What are 3 properties of elements found in halogens?
very reactive, poor conductors of heat/electricity, solids are brittle, low density.
some solids, a liquid and some gases at room temperature.
What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
Cation - Any atom that loses an electron becomes positively charged
Anion - Any atom that gains an electron becomes negatively charged