Transatlantic Slave Trade
What was the name of the forced sea journey endured by enslaved Africans between Africa and the Americas?
Middle Passage
In which country did the Industrial Revolution begin?
Britain
What were the buildings called where workers used machines to produce goods?
Factories
What is the term for one country taking control of another country or territory?
Imperialism/Colonisation
What was the name of the trade route linking Europe, Africa and the Americas?
The triangular trade
What fossil fuel powered many early factories and steam engines?
Coal
What was the name given to the movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities?
Urbanisation
What company played a major role in British control of India?
East India Company
What is the term for a historian’s own point of view or unfair preference that may affect how they present the past?
Bias
What plantation crop grown by enslaved Africans became closely linked to Britain’s textile factories?
Cotton
What invention improved transport by powering trains and steamships?
Steam Engine
What group of young workers were often used in factories and mines because they were cheap to employ?
Children/child labourers
What phrase describes the European competition to claim and divide African territory?
Scramble for Africa
What political and economic idea argued that workers should have more control over wealth, industry and society, rather than leaving everything to factory owners?
Socialism
What type of source might historians use to investigate how enslaved people were treated during the slave trade?
Slave ship records / plantation records / abolitionist accounts / advertisements / narratives
What industry was one of the first to be transformed by machines in Britain?
Textile industry
What German thinker argued that industrial society was divided between the bourgeoisie, who owned factories, and the proletariat, who sold their labour?
Karl Marx
What continent was heavily divided by European powers during the age of imperialism?
Africa
What economic system is based on private ownership, investment, trade and profit?
Capitalism
What movement campaigned to end the slave trade and slavery in the British Empire?
Abolitionism/Abolitionist movement
What invention allowed several threads to be spun at once and helped increase textile production?
Spinning Jenny
What law or reform aimed to limit the working hours of children in factories?
Factory Act
What belief wrongly applied Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution to human societies and was used to justify racism, empire and inequality?
Social Darwinism