Population & Development
Population increase due to birth rate being higher than death rate.
Define globalisation
The interconnectedness and interdependence of the world economically, culturally and politically.
What is a drainage basin?
The area from which all precipitation flows to a single stream or set of streams
What is a glacier?
A glacier is a large body of moving ice, often shaped like a river which moves slowly under the force of gravity
What is the name of an arm-chair shaped glacial landform found on mountainsides?
Corrie
What happens to population in stage 2 of the DTM?
Population begins to rise as death rate decreases but birth rate remains high.
What are TNCs? Give an example
Trans National Companies, eg. Apple
What happens and forms on the outside of a meander?
The river flows the fastest on the outside of a meander, causing erosion (abrasion and hydraulic action), forming a river cliff.
What is plucking?
As ice and glaciers move, they scrape along the surrounding rock and pull away pieces of rock which causes erosion.
A tertiary sector job is...
A tertiary sector job is one that provides a service to the public eg. doctor, teacher
Name 3 development indicators
GNI per capita, literacy rate, infant mortality rate or life expectancy
How are we linked to China's pollution?
We purchase products that are manufactured in China, eg. iPhones
The 4 processes of transportation are
Traction, Saltation, Suspension and Solution
What process has shattered the jagged rocks which are found in glaciated areas?
Freeze-thaw weathering
Name the four types of erosion that occur in rivers
Abrasion, attrition, hydraulic action, solution
Give 2 push factors and 2 pull factors
Push: war, politics, lack of jobs/services/education
Pull: weather, job/education opportunities, family
Give 2 reasons why so many things are made in China
- Cheap labour due to low minimum wages
- Government given financial incentives to TNCs
- Large coastline makes it easy to trade
- China is the 3rd largest country, cheap land available for building factories
How is an oxbow lake formed?
Due to erosion on the outside of a bend and deposition on the inside, the shape of a meander will change over a period of time. Erosion narrows the neck of the land within the meander and as the process continues, the meanders move closer together. When there is a flood, the river cuts across the neck, taking a new, straighter and shorter route. Deposition will occur to cut off the original meander, leaving a horseshoe-shaped oxbow lake.
Where are glaciers found?
Glaciers are found on nearly every continent, even Africa. They are found at high altitude across the globe. Even on high mountains close to the equator like Mount Kilimanjaro.
Give an example of a country currently in stage 5 of the DTM
Germany, Japan
What does the DTM not account for with regards to population change?
Migration
Give one positive and one negative of globalisation
Positives: sharing culture, access to new technology, lower cost products
Negatives: Uneven development, exploitation of workers, high levels of pollution
How does deforestation increase flood risk?
Deforestation reduces interception, which speeds up the flow of water to the river.
How do glaciers move?
Glaciers move due to gravity pushing the glacier down. When the glacier moves, friction causes the very bottom of the glacier to melt, meaning that the glacier slides over the ground. This is known as basal sliding.
How does globalisation impact development?
Help Development: Increased trade and income, leads to higher GDP and more opportunities for education, better healthcare etc.
Hinder: Profit generated by TNCs often doesn't go into the country's economy where products are manufactured, industries could be pulled out of a country as development occurs