Definitions
What are infectious agents that cause disease called?
Pathogens
Name one thing you can do to help prevent pathogens spreading.
Handwashing, wearing a mask, sterilising surfaces, getting a vaccine, clean water, social distancing, public education (any one)
What type of medication treats bacterial infections such as strep throat?
Antibiotic
A student has a sore throat. A swab finds bacteria. What type of pathogen caused it?
Bacteria
In the film Finding Nemo, what type of fish is Nemo?
Clownfish
A disease caused by a pathogen is called a...
Infectious disease
Transmission from an infected person by physical contact or by being near them is called what?
Direct transmission
What type of medication treats fungal infections?
Antifungal
Sam touches a door handle that a sick student touched, then eats lunch and falls ill. Direct or indirect transmission? How do you know this?
Indirect (infected surface)
What is the largest ocean in the world?
Pacific Ocean
A disease that is not caused by a pathogen. Name one example.
Non-infectious disease.
Examples: heart disease, Alzheimer's, cystic fibrosis, diabetes.
Transmission through an infected surface or by breathing infected air is called what? Give an example.
Indirect transmission. Example: touching a door handle, or breathing in air with the pathogen.
What is an antiseptic and where is it used? Give an example.
A substance that stops or slows the growth of microorganisms, used externally on skin. Example: hand wash (Dettol) or cleaning a wound.
A footballer has itchy, flaky skin between his toes after using a wet changing room floor. Name the type of pathogen and a suitable treatment.
Fungus. Antifungal cream or powder.
Which 1997 film features the line "I'm the king of the world"?
Titanic
An infectious disease that can be passed from one human to another is...
Contagious
What is quarantining and why is it used?
Isolating infected individuals until they are no longer contagious, so they cannot spread the disease.
Which medication treats viral infections, and who usually gets it?
Antiviral. Not routinely prescribed, usually only given to people with weakened immune systems.
A patient with flu asks the doctor for antibiotics. Why won't they work?
Flu is caused by a virus and antibiotics only work on bacteria. Rest and fluids help.
How many hearts does an octopus have?
Three hearts
What is a parasite, and what are the two types?
An organism that lives on or in a host and harms it by extracting nutrients. Endoparasites live inside the host, ectoparasites live on the outside.
A student has a cold. Give two different ways the pathogen could reach the rest of the class and say whether each is direct or indirect.
Direct: physical contact such as a handshake, or being near them.
Indirect: touching an infected surface, or breathing infected air. Two routes with correct labels.
What is a zone of inhibition?
The clear circular area around an antimicrobial disk on an agar plate where bacterial growth is stopped or killed.
Three antibiotic discs sit on a plate of bacteria. Disc A has no clear ring, B has a 5 mm ring and C has a 15 mm ring. Which is most effective and which is useless?
C is most effective. A is useless.
What is the largest organ of the human body?
Skin