Name TWO things you should always identify first about any text.
Its purpose and its audience
100
Give three typical features of a travel blog.
Any three: first person; personal experiences; informal/chatty style; dialogue; sensory description; humour; visuals; product promotion
100
Which famous medieval traveller wrote 'The Rihla'?
Ibn Battuta
100
Which TV presenter and travel writer described crossing Tiger Leaping Gorge?
Michael Palin
100
Palin's 'Tiger Leaping Gorge' extract is written in the present tense. What is the effect?
It creates immediacy - the reader feels they are experiencing events alongside him, as they happen
200
Which punctuation mark is used to show excitement or shock?
An exclamation mark (!)
200
What is the difference between a hyphen and a dash?
A hyphen (-) joins compound words; a dash (–) shows an interruption to the main sentence structure
200
What punctuation mark is this: … and what effect does it create?
An ellipsis - a pause, suggesting uncertainty, suspense or trailing thoughts
200
Add the missing brackets: My cousin who lives in Bangkok came to visit.
My cousin (who lives in Bangkok) came to visit. - brackets enclose extra information
200
Explain how punctuation can help a travel writer show feelings. Give an example.
E.g. exclamation marks show excitement/shock, ellipses show fear or hesitation, dashes show a sudden thought - they tell the reader how to 'hear' the writer's emotions
300
'The waves roared and hissed.' Name the device and the sense it appeals to.
Onomatopoeia (and personification) - appeals to hearing
300
'I have a million things to do today.' Name this technique.
Hyperbole (deliberate exaggeration)
300
'I don't hate travelling' means 'I enjoy travelling'. What is this technique called?
Litotes (two negatives used to understate a positive)
300
Palin says the water 'looks decidedly tricky' when it is very dangerous. Name the device and explain why he uses it.
Euphemism / understatement - it hides the real danger and his fear, often for humour
300
Turn this simile into a metaphor: 'The smoke hung from the chimney like a drooping flag.'
E.g. 'A drooping flag of smoke hung from the chimney.' (indirect comparison - no 'like' or 'as')
400
What is the difference between an autobiography and a biography?
An autobiography is written by the person about their own life (first person); a biography is about someone else (third person)
400
'Great Zimbabwe is amazing.' Is this a fact or an opinion? How do you know?
Opinion - 'amazing' is a personal judgement that cannot be proved
400
Which writer described leaving his village on foot in 1934, aged 19?
Laurie Lee
400
What does 'lucrative' mean? (from the Bollywood text)
Making lots of money; profitable
400
Name the main challenge for autobiographical writers when recreating the past, and one way to meet it.
Recreating the sights, sounds and smells of an earlier time from memory - e.g. using sensory detail, specific memories and feelings
500
In 'the broken plate', what kind of word is 'broken'?
A past participle working as an adjective
500
Give the present participle and past participle of the verb 'to sing'.
Singing / sung (having sung)
500
What is wrong with: 'Falling into the water, the lifeguard rushed to save the child'?
It is a dangling (misplaced) participle - it suggests the lifeguard was falling. Fix: 'The lifeguard rushed to save the child falling into the water.'
500
Why might a writer use a short simple sentence at a tense or decisive moment?
It creates tension, impact and a sense of determination or finality
500
Combine into ONE compound-complex sentence: 'I got up. I shook myself. I ate some cheese. I turned south.'
E.g. 'I got up and shook myself, and after I had eaten some cheese, I turned again to the south.' (must include a subordinate clause and a coordinating conjunction)