Industrial Revolution
This invention by James Watt greatly improved efficiency in factories and transportation during the Industrial Revolution.
What is the steam engine?
In 1788, the First Fleet arrived in this harbour, establishing the first British settlement in Australia.
What is Sydney Cove (Port Jackson)?
This title was given to the military ruler who held real power in Japan, while the emperor was mostly a figurehead.
What is shogun?
This system organised medieval society into kings, nobles, knights, and peasants.
What is feudalism?
This is the term for the time order in which events happen.
What is chronology?
This country was the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century.
What is Britain (or England)?
This was the main reason Britain chose to send convicts to Australia after losing the American colonies.
What is overcrowded prisons (the need for a penal colony)?
These professional warriors served the shogun and daimyos, forming the military elite of feudal Japan.
Who are samurai?
These fortified structures were built by nobles to defend their lands and demonstrate power.
What are castles?
Historians use these to learn about the past; they can be written, visual, or physical sources.
What are historical sources?
This new form of transport, powered by steam, revolutionised trade and travel across Britain in the 1800s.
What is the railway (or steam train)?
These early British settlers were sent to Australia as punishment for crimes, forming the first population of the colony.
Who are convicts?
These powerful land-owning nobles served the shogun and controlled regions of Japan, often with their own armies of warriors.
Who are daimyos?
This deadly disease swept across Europe in the 14th century, killing an estimated one-third of the population.
What is the Black Death (or bubonic plague)?
When historians check if a source is accurate, trustworthy, and unbiased, they are assessing its this.
What is reliability (or source reliability)?
One major social change during the Industrial Revolution was the movement of people from the countryside into cities. What is this process called?
What is urbanisation?
The spread of British settlement had devastating impacts on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, including loss of land, culture, and population. What is this process called?
What is dispossession (or colonisation)?
Samurai lived by a strict code of honour and loyalty. This code, which guided their behaviour and ethics, is called this.
What is bushido?
The Black Death caused a severe shortage of labour, giving surviving peasants more bargaining power. This led to a decline in the traditional system.
What is the decline of feudalism?
This type of source is created at the time of an event, such as diaries, photographs, or letters.
What is a primary source?
Harsh working conditions, child labour, and low wages were common during the Industrial Revolution. This group formed to fight for workers’ rights and fair pay.
What are trade unions?
In 1838, this massacre of at least 28 Wirrayaraay people highlighted the violence of frontier conflict in New South Wales.
What is the Myall Creek Massacre?
The Tokugawa shogunate moved the capital from Kyoto to this city in 1603, where it remained for the rest of their rule.
What is Edo (modern-day Tokyo)?
Medieval doctors tried to treat the Black Death with this common method, which included cutting or applying leeches to remove “bad blood.”
What is bloodletting?
When historians explain why an event happened and what its consequences were, they are analysing this.
What is cause and effect?