Fuels
What is the store of energy in coal, oil and gas?
Chemical store of energy
What is the name of the process cells go through to become specialised?
Cell differentiation
What is the charge and mass of a proton?
Mass 1
What piece of equipment do we use to measure temperature?
Thermometer
Why can metals conduct electricity?
Delocalised electrons carry charge.
What is crude oil produced from?
Plankton
Which specialised cell contains lignin?
Xylem
Where are protons and neutrons found in an atom?
Nucleus
What unit do we use to measure mass?
kg
Which blood vessel transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?
Pulmonary artery
What is meant by a finite resource?
One that is limited/will run out.
State and explain two adaptations of sperm cells.
Tail - movement
Lots of mitochondria - energy
Acrosome - digest egg cell membrane
Nucleus containing half DNA - combine with egg
Put the subatomic particles in order of discovery.
Electron, proton, neutron
What is specific heat capacity?
The energy required to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degrees.
Who discovered the neutron?
James Chadwick
Describe how different energy stores change in a car engine when a fossil fuel is burnt.
Chemical store of energy decreases.
Thermal store of energy increases.
Kinetic store of energy increases.
Explain how muscle cells are adapted for their function.
Lots of mitochondria to release energy via respiration for muscles to contract.
Explain why atoms have no overall charge.
Same number of protons and electrons, positive and negative charge cancel out.
Explain why sand is hot when walking along a beach but the water is cold.
Water has a higher SHC than sand and therefore needs more energy to raise its temperature than sand.
Describe what happens when sodium reacts with chlorine.
Sodium loses 1 electron, chlorine gains 1 electron. Sodium forms a positive ion and chlorine forms a negative ion.
Give two environmental effects of using wood as an energy resource.
Air pollution, deforestation, destruction of habitats.
Burning wood does not contribute to climate change/global warming - do not accept.
Why does the phloem have companion cells?
Supplies energy for translocation - translocation is an active process.
How do we calcate the atomic mass of an isotope?
Average = (abundance x mass) + (abundance x mass)/100
A student heats two blocks of equal mass using the same heater for the same amount of time. One block shows a smaller temperature increase than the other. What can you conclude about its specific heat capacity?
The block with the smaller temperature increase must have a higher SHC - more energy is needed to raise its temperature.
Describe the food tests for sugar, starch and protein.
Sugar - benedict's solution turns red
Starch - iodine turns black
Protein - biuret's solution turns purple