Earths spheres
Global Systems
Natural events
Human impact
Evolution and Evolution
100

What are the four major Earth systems?

atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere

100

What is the carbon cycle?

the process of carbon moving through Earth's spheres

100

What sphere does a volcanic eruption originate from

the lithosphere?

100

What is one consequence of the greenhouse effect?

global warming

100

hat is the theory of evolution by natural selection?

It explains how species change over time due to survival advantages

200

Which sphere includes all living organisms?

biosphere

200

Which spheres are involved in the carbon cycle?

all four spheres – biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere

200

Which two spheres are most affected by a cyclone?

atmosphere and hydrosphere

200

How does waste management affect the biosphere?

By polluting environments and harming organisms

200

What does the fossil record show us?

That life has evolved over billions of years

300

Which two spheres interact when volcanic gases affect air quality?

lithosphere and atmosphere

300

What human activity increases carbon in the atmosphere?

burning fossil fuels

300

How do earthquakes affect the biosphere?

damaging habitats and causing loss of life

300

How does climate change affect sea levels?

It causes ice to melt and oceans to expand, raising sea levels

300

How old is the Earth?

approx 4.5 billion years

400

The ocean is part of which Earth sphere?

Hydrosphere

400

Why is the carbon cycle important for climate regulation?

Because it helps control the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere

400

Describe one interaction between spheres during a tsunami

Lithosphere shifts causing hydrosphere waves that impact the biosphere

400

Why do different groups disagree on climate policies?

Different values, economic interests, or levels of trust in science

400

What is one piece of evidence that supports evolution?

transitional fossils or genetic similarities

500

How does deforestation affect all four spheres?

altering ecosystems (biosphere), affecting soil stability (lithosphere), water cycles (hydrosphere), and carbon dioxide levels (atmosphere)

500

Explain how ocean acidification is linked to the carbon cycle.

CO₂ absorbed by oceans forms carbonic acid, affecting marine life

500

Name a natural disaster and explain how it affects at least three spheres.

E.g., volcano: lithosphere erupts, gases into atmosphere, lava affects biosphere

500

Evaluate the evidence for ozone layer depletion

Scientific studies show decreased ozone due to CFCs, now recovering thanks to global action

500

How do scientists use fossils to determine evolutionary history?

By comparing fossil structures and dating rock layers

M
e
n
u