The Scientific Method
What is an independent variable?
The variable that you CHANGE.
State the three subatomic particles in an atom.
Protons, neutrons and electrons.
What is a transverse wave?
A wave with particles that move in a perpendicular direction to energy.
Name the sampling method used to sample animals.
Capture-mark-recapture.
What is the biosphere?
All living creatures on Earth, including plants, animals and microorganisms.
What is a hypothesis? How is a hypothesis supposed to be written?
A GUESS or PREDICTION in an scientific report. Written in the form of"if, then...".
State the charge of a calcium ion.
Ca2+ / 2+
What is a longitudinal wave?
A wave with particles that move in a parallel direction to energy.
What is a neuron?
A specialised nerve cell.
What is the hydrosphere?
All of Earth's water, including oceans, rivers, groundwater, ice and water vapour.
What is a dependent variable?
The variable that you MEASURE.
What is the electron configuration for a magnesium atom?
2,8,8,2
Name the type of lens that converges light rays.
Convex lens.
In which direction does a sensory neuron send signals?
From the site where the stimulus is experienced to the brain.
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which plants convert energy from sunlight into glucose.
What are controlled variables?
Variables you KEEP THE SAME.
Name the ionic compound: KCl
Potassium chloride.
Name the type of lens that diverges light rays.
Concave lens.
What is an infectious disease?
A disease caused by a pathogen that can be transmitted from one organism to another.
What is the lithosphere (geosphere)?
The lithosphere is the solid, rocky part of Earth, including rocks, soil and Earth's crust.
What is the difference between reliability and validity?
Reliability is about the repeatability of an experiment, how many trials are conducted.
Validity is about the accuracy of an experiment, whether variables were well controlled or equipment worked properly.
State the formula for calcium nitride.
Ca3N2
Name the electromagnetic wave with the shortest wavelength/highest frequency.
Gamma rays.
What is a synapse?
The junction/gap between two neurons where a signal is transmitted.
What is the burning of fossil fuels?
A human activity that releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and is a major contributor to climate change. Burning natural gas, oil, coal.