Human Reproduction
Which organ produces sperm cells?
Testicles
What plant structure is sticky and collects pollen?
Stigma
How many parents are needed in asexual reproduction?
One parent
What does "genetic variation" mean?
Differences in traits between individuals.
What is the name for the joining of sperm and egg cells?
Fertilisation
Which tube carries an egg from the ovary to the uterus?
Fallopian tube
Which structure produces pollen?
Anther
What happens to offspring in asexual reproduction?
They are genetically identical to the parent.
Which type of reproduction usually creates more genetic variation?
Sexual reproduction
What is pollen?
A powder containing the male reproductive cells in plants.
Where does fertilisation usually occur in humans?
Fallopian tube
Describe the role of the anther.
Produces and releases pollen grains containing male reproductive cells.
State one advantage of sexual reproduction.
Greater genetic variation / better adaptation opportunities
Why is variation important for survival?
Some individuals may survive environmental changes better than others.
What is pollination?
The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma.
Explain one role of the fallopian tube in human reproduction.
It transports the egg from the ovary to the uterus OR it is the place where fertilisation occurs.
Explain why the stigma is important in reproduction.
It catches pollen so pollination can occur.
State one advantage and one disadvantage of asexual reproduction.
Advantage: fast reproduction. Disadvantage: low genetic variation.
How can low variation reduce survival of a species?
If conditions change, many individuals may not have traits needed to survive.
Explain the difference between pollination and fertilisation.
Pollination is the movement of pollen to the stigma, while fertilisation is the joining of male and female reproductive cells.
Why would damage to the fallopian tubes reduce the chance of pregnancy?
The egg cannot move normally and sperm and egg may not meet for fertilisation.
Predict what would happen if a flowering plant had no anthers.
The plant could not produce pollen and sexual reproduction would likely not occur.
Explain why sexual reproduction increases survival in changing environments.
Sexual reproduction creates genetic variation so some offspring may have traits that help them survive changes.
Explain the relationship between reproduction type and survival of species.
Sexual reproduction increases variation and improves the chance of survival; asexual reproduction produces identical offspring so populations may struggle when conditions change.
A bee transfers pollen between flowers. Explain how this helps plants survive as a species.
Bees help pollination occur, allowing fertilisation and reproduction. This creates offspring and helps the species continue to survive.