Changes Over Time
This term describes a change in the characteristics of a species over many generations
Evolution/natural selection
Define phenotype
The physical characteristics of an organism, such as eye color or height, are referred to as this.
The preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms are called these.
fossils
This molecule carries genetic information in the form of a double helix.
DNA
What is an adaptation?
A characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment
What is natural selection?
This term describes the process where organisms better suited to their environment survive and reproduce.
If both parents are heterozygous for a trait, the probability that their child will inherit the recessive trait is this fraction.
The fossil record shows that organisms have become more ______ over time.
complex
The complementary DNA strand to GCTGCCAATGCCA is this.
CGACGGTTACGGT
Traits that are considered advantageous help organisms to what?
Better survive and pass on those traits
Who is Charles Darwin
This scientist developed the theory of natural selection after studying finches on the Galapagos Islands.
If two parents show a dominant trait, is it possible for their child to have a recessive trait? Why or why not?
Yes, because the parents might both be heterozygous and carry the recessive allele.
This dating method determines whether one fossil is older or younger than another without giving an exact age.
Relative dating
DNA is made up of these building blocks.
Base pairs, sugars, phosphates
Some moths evolved darker wing colors after the Industrial Revolution due to pollution. This is an example of what process?
Natural selection
Monkeys and humans share a common ancestor. Which of these traits was mostly likely present in the adult form of that organism: gills, hair, fins, or blowhole?
In a cross between two pea plants, trait for yellow seed color appears when the expressed gene has one or both alleles for yellow color. Green color appears only when both alleles code for green color. Which trait is dominant and which is recessive?
Yellow color is a dominant trait while green color is a recessive trait.
This method of dating uses radioactive isotopes to find the actual age of a rock or fossil
Absolute dating
These are the bases that make up DNA.
A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine), G (guanine)
Doctors find that a certain type of antibiotic no longer is effective against the same type of bacteria it used to kill. What is the most likely explanation of why this antibiotic no longer kills this bacteria?
Some bacteria were resistant and survived to pass on their genes.
In order for a species to change over time, what would have to happen?
The environment would have to change in some way
How many chromosomes do humans have total?
46
Fossils found in deeper layers of rock are generally this compared to fossils in higher layers
older
This base pairs with thymine in DNA
adenine
The ability of a species to survive and reproduce in its environment is referred to as this.
Survival of the Fittest