Scientific Method
Ecological Relationships and characteristics of life
Food Webs
Population Growth/graph Analysis
Macromolecules
100
What is a hypothesis?
A hypothesis is an educated guess. What you think is going to happen based on the information provided.
100
What is a predator prey relationship?
The predator chases and kills the prey for food.
100
What is the difference between herbivores, omnivores, decomposers, carnivores, and producers
Herbivore - eats only plants Omnivore - eats both plants and animals Carnivore - eats only meat decomposer - gets energy by breaking down dead organic matter Producers - organisms that produce their own food, usually through photosynthesis (the sun).
100
Which statement best describes the logistic growth graph shown below?
The population increased at a constant rate, but then slowed down.
100
What macromolecule is responsible for giving organisms most of their energy?
Carbohydrates
200
What are the independent and dependent variables in an experiment?
Independent variable - what the scientist has control over, it is what you are testing in the experiment. It goes on the x-axis. Dependent variable - depends od the independent variable. It is what you are measuring in an experiment. It goes on the y axis.
200
What is competition?
When more than one organism is fighting over the same resources.
200
In order for any ecosystem to survive forever, matter and nutrients must be recycled. What organisms are necessary for nutrient flow in a food web?
Decomposers
200
An absorption spectrum shows which wavelengths of light are absorbed (used) by a substance. Spinach is a green plant. Which wavelengths would not be useful for photosynthesis?
505 nm – 620 nm
200
What are all organic compounds made up of?
Carbon, hydrogen, and various functional groups
300
What is a control group?
A control group is the group that is not being tested. It is the group that you will compare your experimental group to in order to see the change.
300
Explain the difference between mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.
Mutualism - both organisms benefit from the relationship. Parasitism - one organism benefits, while the other is harmed by the relationship. Commensalism - One organism benefits, while the other does not benefit or get harmed.
300
Using the food web provided, what will lead to an increase in the number of foxes over time?
Deacrease in owls Increase in rabbits and sparrows Increase in raspberry bushes
300
Look at the pictureprovided. This set up was used to collect a gas that was produced by Elodea. Which factor was most responsible for the production of that gas?
Light stimulated by photosynthesis
300
What is an enzyme?
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body.
400
What should you include in a graph?
Scale Key (legend) axis labels title appropriate points
400
A tick attaches to a dog. The dog loses nutrients, while the tick gets fed. What relationship is this an example of?
Parasitism
400
Which of the following pathways of energy flow would give the hawks the smallest percentage of original available energy in a food chain? Which would give the hawk the largest percent of energy? A. Grass -----> mouse ----> rabbit ----> hawk B. Grass ----> grasshopper ---> mouse ---> snake ---> hawk C. Grass ---> grasshopper ---> hawk
B = smallest B. Grass ----> grasshopper ---> mouse ---> snake ---> hawk C = largest C. Grass ---> grasshopper ---> hawk
400
The diagram to the right represents DNA fingerprints found at a crime scene. Which suspect is linked to the crime scene by this DNA analysis?
Suspect C
400
What is the function of nucleic acids? Give two examples of nucleic acids.
Information storage DNA and RNA
500
What are the steps to the scientific method (there are 6)?
1. Ask a question, or state the problem 2. Make a hypothesis 3. conduct an experiment 4. collect data 5. Analyze information (graphs, charts) 6. Report your results (lab report)
500
List and give an example of the seven characteristics of life.
All living things: 1. Contain one or more cell (bacteria = made of only 1 cell with a cell wall, but no nucleus) 2. grow and develop (getting taller) 3. reproduce (make another organism) 4. Have a genetic code (DNA or RNA) 5. Respond to environment (jump when you hear a loud sound) 6. Evolve - entire species changes over time 7. Need energy (eat food for energy)
500
Look at the diagram showing the trophic levels in a food chain. Which organism would be most affected if local water runoff contained large amounts of toxic pesticide? Which would be least affected?
most affected = barracuda least affected = algae
500
What will cause a population to increase?
More births than deaths More immigration than emmigration
500
List the four macromolecules and give a function of each.
Carbohydrates - energy Lipids - forms cell membranes Proteins - enzymes nucleic acids - information storage
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