Criminal Law
Raven is charged with a crime that the prosecutor can treat as either a misdemeanor or a felony. What is this type of crime called?
A wobbler.
Which of the following is generally protected by the First Amendment at a public school?
A. Making threats against classmates
B. Wearing a shirt with a political message
C. Giving a speech filled with vulgar jokes at an assembly
D. Encouraging illegal drug use at a school event
B. Students generally have the right to peacefully express their opinions without causing substantial disruption.
In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that separating students in public schools by race violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, even if the schools have equal facilities.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
The lowest hourly wage an employer can legally pay most employees
What is minimum wage?
This helps you plan how you will spend or save money based on your income
What is a budget?
Starfire is charged with robbery and cannot afford an attorney. The judge tells Juliet she must represent herself at trial, even though she has requested a lawyer. Which constitutional amendment is being violated?
The Sixth Amendment, which guarantees the right to an attorney in criminal prosecutions.
BINDER: Starfire is stopped by police and hands an officer her Know Your Rights Card. What three rights is Starfire asserting by giving the officer this card?
1. Right to remain silent.
2. Right to request an attorney before answering questions or signing documents.
3. Right to refuse consent to a search of her person, belongings, or home.
BINDER: Starfire is graduating from high school and wants to attend a Los Angeles community college but is worried about paying tuition. What program offers eligible first-time college students free tuition and additional academic support?
Los Angeles College Promise (LACP). The program helps eligible first-time students attend one of the nine Los Angeles Community College District colleges by providing free tuition. Students can earn an associate degree, complete a workforce certificate, or transfer to a four-year university to pursue a bachelor’s degree.
Beast Boy applies for a job at a grocery store. During the interview, the manager tells him that they won't hire anyone who practices a certain religion. What employment law protection is being violated?
What is protection against religious discrimination?
Raven notices mold growing on her bedroom walls because the roof has been leaking for weeks. She tells her landlord, but the landlord refuses to fix the roof or address the mold, saying, “It's your responsibility because you live here.” Is the landlord correct, and what legal responsibility is the landlord violating?
No. Under California law, landlords must maintain a safe and habitable (livable) home. Because the leaking roof is causing mold, the landlord is generally responsible for repairing the leak and addressing the resulting mold problem.
California Penal Code § 242 — Battery
“A battery is any willful and unlawful use of force or violence upon the person of another.”
Question: Break down this statute. What are the three elements the prosecution must prove to establish battery?
A teacher sees Beast Boy put a vape in his backpack. The teacher searches the backpack and finds the vape. The teacher then takes Beast Boy's phone and reads his private messages to find out who else vapes. Which part of the search likely violates the Fourth Amendment?
Searching Beast Boy's phone. The backpack search was likely reasonable because the teacher had a specific reason to suspect a school rule violation. Reading his private messages may go beyond the reasonable scope of the search.
4th amendment – Protects against unreasonable search and seizures.
A program where you learn a skilled trade while working and earning money.
What is an apprenticeship?
If you work more than five hours in a day, you must be provided ____
What is a 30 minute meal break?
BINDER: Robin is two months behind on rent. His landlord gives him a 3-day written notice to pay rent or move out. Robin does neither, so the landlord changes the locks and removes his belongings. Did the landlord follow the legal eviction process? What should the landlord have done instead?
No. The landlord cannot legally evict Robin by changing the locks. The landlord must file a lawsuit to evict in court and obtain a court order before an eviction can be carried out.
During an argument, Beast Boy punches Robin. Robin falls, hits their head on the sidewalk, and dies. Beast Boy never intended to kill Robin but intentionally threw the punch. What type of homicide could Beast Boy be charged with?
Involuntary manslaughter, if the prosecution proves Beast Boy committed an unlawful act without intending to kill and that the act caused Robin's death under circumstances satisfying the required criminal negligence standard.
Police witness Raven threaten a cashier, steal money, and run out of a store. What legal standard allows officers to arrest Raven without a warrant in this situation?
Probable cause — Police have enough facts or evidence to reasonably believe that Raven committed a crime.
4th amendment – Protects against unreasonable search and seizures.
A student organizes a peaceful protest at school to express disagreement with a new school policy. The school cannot punish the student solely for expressing an opinion unless the protest causes or is reasonably expected to cause this
What is a substantial disruption?
Raven works at a coffee shop and discovers that their employer has been paying employees less than the legal minimum wage. Raven reports this. A week later, Raven is fired specifically for making the report. What illegal employment practice has occurred?
What is retaliation?
Starfire rents an apartment. One day, her kitchen sink starts leaking badly. She tells her landlord, but the landlord refuses to fix it. Who is generally responsible for making this repair?
Who is the landlord?
BINDER: A 15-year-old repeatedly runs away from home without permission. Under California juvenile law, what is this youth classified as, and what could happen if the case goes to juvenile court?
A status offender (WIC § 601) because running away is a youth-specific offense. The judge may send the youth home on probation or place them in foster care, a group home, or a treatment program.
Police question 16-year-old Robin about allegedly robbing a store. Robin refuses to answer questions. An officer tells him, “If you don't tell me what happened, I'm calling your parents and telling them you robbed the store.” Does Robin have to answer the officer's questions to avoid having his parents called?
No. Robin has the right to remain silent, even if police pressure him by threatening to call his parents. He can refuse to answer investigative questions and request an attorney. He can refuse to answer investigative questions and request an attorney. They will likely call parents either way.
5th Amendment - Right To Remain Silent
The system that involves harsh or repeated school discipline—like suspensions, expulsions, or arrests at school— which causes students to miss education. This along with other factors, such as poverty, lack of resources, or family circumstances, are associated with a greater risk of later involvement in the criminal system.
What is the school to prison pipeline?
The California Labor Code (Section 6311) allows you to refuse to perform ____ work as long as it is a violation of a Cal/OSHA standard or Labor Code provision and is hazardous enough
What is unsafe work?
Cyborg's landlord enters his apartment without giving any notice while he's at school. There is no emergency or other special circumstance. Under California law, what tenant right may the landlord have violated?
What is the 24-hour written/reasonable notice rule?