Metals
What's the word for the regular, repeating pattern that makes up metals?
Lattice / 3D lattice
What two particles make up the 3D lattice structure?
A metal cation and a non-metal anion.
What does the atomic number of an atom tell us?
How many electrons it has.
When might you come across the term 'valence?' What does it mean?
Atoms/ions. The valence shell is the outermost shell of electrons an atom has.
What's the name of the NZ women's rugby team?
Black ferns
What two particles make up a 3D lattice?
Metal cations
Depolarised electrons
How are the electrons within ionic substances different to electrons in metals?
Ionic: fixed in place. Complete electron exchange from cation to anion.
Metals: free to move. 'Sea of electrons' is delocalised.
How do you work out how many neutrons there are in an atom?
Mass number - atomic number.
What is lustre?
Shine
Harry, Niall, Louis, Zayn, Liam
What makes metals ductile? (2 things here)
1. Atoms are all the same size - allows sliding
2. Delocalised electrons allow sliding
Are metals good conductors? Why or why not?
Not unless dissolved, and this frees up the charged particles that are otherwise stationary in solids.
Has a cation gained or lost electrons? What charge does that give it?
Lost - positive charge.
Describe conductivity
The rate at which energy is transferred through a material (we look at heat + electricity).
How many female prime ministers has Aotearoa had?
3: Jenny Shipley (1997 - 1999), then Helen Clarke (1999 - 2008), Aunty Cindy (2017 - 2023)
Name 8 properties of metals
high BP/MP, thermal/electrical conductivity, high density, sonorous, ductile, malleable, strong, magnetic, corrosive
What makes ionic substances brittle?
Ionic substances are made up of 2 types of atoms that have different sizes and charges. When you apply force to ionic compounds, the atoms move and the like-cjarges repel each other, causing it to snap.
Why do atoms become ions?
To become stable / to fill their valence shells. Atoms with full valence shells aren't reactive.
What is electrostatic attraction?
The attraction between protons and electrons.
What's the te reo word for book?
Pukapuka
How does the structure of an alloy differ from a pure metal? (2 things)
Alloys are made up of multiple elements, resulting in:
- Different atom sizes
- Sometimes non-metal components
What are two reasons someone might want to use an alloy over a pure metal?
1. Rigidity - alloys have multiple atom sizes and so can't slide as much.
2. Lowered conductivity
What ion does bromine make? (hint: its atomic number is 35)
What is non-directional bonding?
Name a country in Europe that starts with L
Luxembourg, Lithuania, Latvia, Liechtenstein