The Power of the Church
What is clergy?
a religious official
Under which rulers did the Byzantine empire have its golden age?
Justinian and Theodora
What is a Tributary state?
–States remain independent, but their rulers had to acknowledge China’s greater power and send tribute (regular payment)
Why did Muslims conquer so much land and how did they have the power to do it?
-Leaders sought wealth & tribute
-Muslims were unified by faith
Who were the Mongolians and where were they located?
The Mongols were nomads from the eastern steppe (fields) in loosely organized clans.
What are two reasons the Church's power grew during the middle ages?
Catholic Church provided stability during the Middle Ages
The Church appealed to people of all social classes
Name 2 construction projects that Justinian worked on during his reign?
Rebuilds City Infrastructure
Builds the Hagia Sophia
What caused the collapse of the Tang Dynasty?
–Caused by government corruption, drought, rebellions
Why did the people of the Muslim faith divide?
What were the names of the two group?
Shi’as: Believe that Muhammad’s relatives should lead Islam
Sunnis – Believe Muhammad’s followers vote and choose the next Caliph
Who unified the Mongols?
Genghis Khan
How did the church unify Europe?
it provided a sense of security and brought communities together
How was Justinian able to expand his empire?
What was a result of this?
Starts expansive military campaign
Temporarily regained control over much of the old Roman Empire
During the Song dynasty what guided government and the structure of their society?
confucianism
What change was the Umayyad caliphate responsible for?
Significant expansion occurred in North Africa, Spain and Central Asia, and Indus Valley
What made the Mongols so powerful? (name at least 2 things)
A.Mongols were skilled horsemen
B.Weapons
1. bows, swords, javelins, hooked lances, canons
C. Terrified enemies into surrender
What is Canon law, excommunication and interdict?
Canon Law is the official law of the Catholic Church
Excommunication: banishment from the Church
Interdict: many sacraments and religious services could not be performed in a kingdom or region
At the height of the Byzantine empire the Emperor set up a commission to collect and revise all of the Roman laws. What was the outcome of this?
The Justinian Code
What were civil service exams used for?
What did the Civil service exams create?
People who wanted to hold office had to pass difficult examinations
–Created a highly educated ruling class
During which caliphate was there a Golden Age for the Muslims?
Abbasid Caliphate
What was Kublai Kahn's impact on China? (name two things)
-United China for the first time in over 300 years.
-Opened Asia to greater trade on the Silk Road.
What two things happened as the power of the church grew?
1. The Church began to play a political role 2. This led to conflicts between the Church and the leaders of Europe
Why did people of Constantinople come together against Justinian and Theodora in 532 CE in an event known as the Nika Riots.
As a result of increased taxes and harsh laws
What innovations were the Tang and Song dynasty famous for? (list 3)
-magnetic compass
-Gun powder
- printing money
-movable type
-small pox vaccine
mechanical clock
Name at least three things that led to the Golden Age under the most important Muslim caliphate.
-Economic Prosperity
-New technologies and advancements included the Astrolabe, paper from China, use of Arabic numbers, medical advancements, Algebra
-house of wisdom
What is Pax Mongolica and why did it happen? (name two reasons)
Mongol Peace
A.The Mongols provided stability and order across Eurasia.
B.Traders and travelers enjoyed safety along the Silk Road.