Greece
The Mediterranean society that formed on the island of Crete; focused on maritime trade.
Minoans
The Arabian prophet who founded Islam; considered God's messenger.
Muhammad
Legendary & divine figures that founded Rome c. 753 BC.
Romulus & Remus
A North African kingdom that Rome eventually destroyed in the Punic Wars.
Carthage
The capital of the Eastern Roman/Byzantine empire & vital center of trade.
Constantinople
A series of battles between Sparta & Athens; Sparta eventually conquered Athens in 404 BC.
The Peloponnesian War (400s BC)
A sect within Islam that believes in mysticism & a direct connection with Allah through meditation.
Sufi
A harsh & fierce Roman emperor. Although the empire prospered during his rule, he was ruthless & persecuted those who threatened his power (specifically Christians).
nero
The powerful king of Mali who is considered the wealthiest person to ever exist.
Mansa Musa
The most famous example of Byzantine architecture; features marble, arches, columns, & domes.
Hagia Sophia
The king of Macedonia who is one of the greatest conquerors & military leaders in history.
Alexander the Great
The birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad & ritual center of the Islamic religion.
Mecca
The last emperor of the Pax Romana. He strengthened the empire in the East & is best known for his book about stoicism.
Marcus Aurelius
a Bantu language & the native language of the East African coastal people.
Swahili
A Mongolian army that swept over eastern Europe in the 13th century.
The Golden Horde
A Greek physician; considered the "Father of Medicine" for his contributions to science.
Hippocrates
The most sacred temple of Islam (located in Mecca).
Kaaba
A harsh & fierce Roman emperor. Although the empire prospered during his rule, he was ruthless & persecuted those who threatened his power (specifically Christians).
Constantine
A powerful East African kingdom; known for its stone castles/towers/walls & trade dominance throughout the Indian Ocean & Mediterranean.
Great Zimbabwe
The body of Roman civil law collected & organized by Justinian I.
Justinian Code
Idea that to avoid desires & disappointments by calmly accept whatever life brings.
Stoicism
A Muslim historian who developed standards for examining evidence in history.
ibn Khaldun
The fearsome leader of an Asian-European tribal empire that threatened the dominance of Rome.
Attila the Hun
An East African kingdom; known for its Christian religion, geographic isolation & local customs.
Ethiopia
The separation of the Roman Catholic Church & the Eastern Orthodox Church.
The Great Schism (1054 AD)