Adolescence
True or False. Attending school is a protective factor for teen substance abuse.
TRUE!
True or False. Teens who drink alcohol, skip school, shoplift, and assault or murder others are fundamentally different than teens who abide by the law.
FALSE!
True or False. You should use an open-ended question to gain more specific information.
FALSE!
Word question in a way that prompts responses (e.g., closed-ended question)
True or False. When conducting an assessment, you should obtain information about the circumstances surrounding the behavior.
TRUE!
True or False. As children develop into adolescents, it is essential that household rules and parental expectations remain unchanged.
FALSE!
*Rules and expectations need to change as we change. It is important for parents to find a balance between allowing teens independence while also guiding them in the right direction.*
Define chronic absenteeism.
Missing 10% or more of the school year.
True or False. Punishment is an effective procedure for decreasing behavior.
TRUE!
What is a high tolerance level?
The counselor allows a great deal of inappropriate behavior.
True or False. You should gain information about the consequences of behavior when conducting an indirect assessment but NOT when conducting a descriptive assessment.
FALSE!
*The only difference between an indirect and descriptive assessment is that you are not present in the environment when conducting an indirect assessment.*
What area of the brain is last to develop?
Prefrontal cortex or the region of the brain responsible for abstract thinking/reasoning/planning/thinking long-term
Does truancy include excused absences, unexcused absences, or both?
UNEXCUSED ABENCES
*Review definition of truancy in KS
Criminal behavior is maintained by ______.
Access to reinforcement!
What technique should a counselor use when their client's statements do not match their motor behavior?
Reflecting!
*Use reflecting when there is a difference between the content of the client’s statements and their paralanguage or motor behavior*
You conducted a functional behavior assessment of Nola's shoplifting. What is wrong with this indicated function:
Nola shoplifts because her friends think it's cool.
"Because her friends think it's cool" is NOT a function of behavior.
*How can we improve this statement knowing that Nola's friends play a role in her shoplifting behavior?
Thinking of the biological changes that occur during adolescence, why should we expect adolescents to engage in risk taking?
Adolescents rely on their amygdala or the region of the brain responsible for emotions and impulses.
What are the three main predictors of school dropout?
A= attendance
B= behavior problems
C= course failure
What increases the effectiveness of punishment?
Consistency, immediacy, idiosyncrasy of punishers
You begin your first session with your new client, Alicia, who is reluctant to disclose information. What approach should you take when asking questions?
Indirect approach!
*Asking questions about different areas in the youth’s life to subtly figure out what the problem is*
When Madison is alone in her room, she engages in cutting behavior as a form of stress relief. What is the function of Madison's behavior?
Automatic negative reinforcement
*Automatic= not socially-mediated (Madison is alone in room); negative reinforcement= removing something from environment (removing physiological symptoms of stress)*
The interaction between _____ and _____ makes adolescence a difficult time.
The interaction between BIOLOGY (e.g., brain development) and ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES (e.g., academic expectations) makes adolescence so stressful.
How does bullying relate to suicide?
Being involved in bullying (in any way) may increase the risk of suicide.
The way in which society uses punishment creates _____ or _____ responses.
Escape or Avoidance
Which of the following takes priority:
1. Reporting neglect (and running the risk of your client's parents removing your services or losing the family's trust that you've worked hard to develop)
2. Maintaining confidentiality and continuing to see your client
REPORTING NEGLECT TAKES PRIORITY.
*Situations in which you must break confidentiality*
As compared to functional analyses, why are descriptive and indirect assessments important when working with adolescents who engage in shoplifting, sneaking out, curfew violations, truancy, etc.?
They are more practical, useful for behavior that occurs at a low frequency, more ethical than evoking illegal or dangerous behavior (as done in a functional analysis)