Chemical Reactions
Five types of reactions
Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double Replacement, Combustion
What is 'The Mole'?
6.02 x 1023
a way to measure elements
Stoichiometry
What are the 4 types of laws?
Boyle, Charles, Gay-Lussac, Ideal
Define: Solution, Solute, and Solvent
Solution: a mixture that is same throughout
Solute:a substance that is dissolved to make a solution
Solvent: a substance that dissolves a solute
A series of metals and their activity/how they react from highest to lowest
Activity series
How to go from grams to mole
Divide by molar mass
Something that is used up first and stops the reaction
limiting reactant
What happens to pressure when temperature goes up?
Pressure decreases
Define: Miscible and Imscible
Miscible: Liquids that are soluble in each other
Imiscible: Liquids that are not soluble in each other
What reaction occurs?
chromium + lead (II) chloride
CrCl2 + Pb
How to go from moles to grams
Multiply by molar mass
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Given: 16.5g Al
Unknown: ?g AlCl3
81.5g AlCl3
What happens to volume when pressure goes up?
Volume decreases
Define: Arrhenius Acids and Arrhenius bases
Arrhenius Acids: produces Hydrogen ions in H2O
Arrhenius Bases: produces Hydroxide ions in H2O
What kind of reaction problem is this?
2AgNo3 + Cu --> Cu(No3)2 + 2Ag
Single replacement
Percentage by mass of each element in a compound
Percent Composition
C4H10 + 13O2 --> 8CO2 + 10H2O
Given: 2.46g H2O
Unknown: ? moles C4H10
0.0137 moles C4H10
P1=75 kpa
V1=475 mL
P2=150 kpa
V2= ? mL
237.5 mL
0.01M HCl has a pH of?
pH=2
What kind of reaction problem is this?
2C2H6 + 7O2 --> 4CO2 + 6H2O
Combustion
Percent Composition of KMnO4
K=24.7%
Mn=34.7%
O=40.5%
What is the limiting reactant?
H2 + Cl = 2HCl
H= 4.00 mol
Cl= 2.00 mol
Cl
P=?
V=3.25 L
n=0.412 mol
R=8.314 kpa
T=16* C
340.25 kpa
What is the molarity of a NaOH solution if 48.0mL is needed to neutralize 35.0mL of 0.144M H2S04?
.0101 mol H+