CV Disorders
This condition results from the blockage of a coronary artery and causes tissue death in the heart muscle.
What is myocardial infarction (MI)?
This disease is characterized by progressive, irreversible airflow limitation and is often associated with smoking.
What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
This condition results from a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, often causing fatigue and pallor.
What is anemia?
This disorder results from hyposecretion of thyroid hormone and causes cold intolerance, fatigue, and weight gain.
What is hypothyroidism?
This condition is characterized by muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, and resting tremors, often seen in elderly patients.
What is Parkinson’s disease?
This condition is marked by oliguria, edema, and hypertension and can result from glomerular injury.
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)?
This disease is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the joints, causing pain and deformities.
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
This disorder is marked by pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, particularly in the hands and feet.
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
This condition involves the inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, often resulting in diarrhea and abdominal cramping.
What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
This is a common post-operative complication characterized by redness, swelling, and pain at the surgical site.
What is a surgical site infection (SSI)?
What is the primary diagnostic test used to assess heart function and identify structural abnormalities?
What is an echocardiogram?
A patient with asthma may use this type of medication for short-term relief of bronchoconstriction.
What is a short-acting beta agonist (e.g., albuterol)?
This disorder involves a genetic mutation that results in the production of abnormal hemoglobin, leading to sickle-shaped cells.
What is sickle cell anemia?
This condition is a life-threatening emergency due to severe hyperthyroidism.
What is a thyroid storm?
This disorder causes progressive muscle weakness and is often associated with dysphagia and dysphonia.
What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
This disorder involves the formation of stones in the renal system and can result in severe pain and hematuria.
What is nephrolithiasis?
This condition is characterized by abnormal proliferation of immune cells, often leading to anemia and infections.
What is Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
This disorder involves inflammation in the musculoskeletal system, leading to muscle weakness and pain.
What is polymyositis?
This condition is characterized by upper abdominal pain, often related to an ulcer in the stomach or duodenum.
What is a peptic ulcer?
This procedure involves the removal of the gallbladder.
What is a cholecystectomy?
The main characteristic of this condition is the inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, often presenting with edema and dyspnea.
What is congestive heart failure (CHF)?
What cardiovascular sign might you observe in a patient with left-sided heart failure?
What is pulmonary edema or crackles on auscultation?
This condition involves a decrease in the number of platelets, which increases the risk of bleeding.
What is thrombocytopenia?
In this condition, the adrenal glands produce excessive amounts of cortisol, leading to weight gain, purple striae, and osteoporosis.
What is Cushing’s syndrome?
This type of headache is typically characterized by unilateral pain, often around the eyes, and is associated with lacrimation and nasal congestion.
What is a cluster headache?
This condition is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema due to damage to the glomerular capillaries.
What is nephrotic syndrome?
This disorder involves the body’s immune system attacking the myelin sheath of neurons, leading to muscle weakness and sensory changes.
What is multiple sclerosis?
This condition is often triggered by a streptococcal infection and can lead to rheumatic heart disease.
What is rheumatic fever?
This condition involves inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections or excessive alcohol use.
What is hepatitis?
This is the priority nursing intervention after a patient undergoes spinal surgery.
What is to monitor for neurovascular compromise and assess motor and sensory function?
This heart sound, also known as a "gallop," is commonly heard in heart failure patients.
What is a third heart sound (S3)?
The presence of this condition is diagnosed using a chest X-ray showing white patches of consolidation.
What is pneumonia?
A patient with leukemia presents with fatigue, weight loss, and an enlarged spleen. What diagnostic test would be crucial for confirming the diagnosis?
What is a bone marrow biopsy?
The hallmark of this condition is elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production.
What is type 2 diabetes mellitus?
What is the hallmark sign of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
What is demyelination of nerve fibers in the central nervous system?
This condition results from the kidneys’ inability to concentrate urine, often leading to polyuria and polydipsia.
What is diabetes insipidus?
In this autoimmune disorder, the body attacks the skin and connective tissues, leading to the thickening of the skin.
What is systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)?
This disorder results in joint inflammation due to crystal deposits, particularly in the big toe.
What is gout?
This condition involves the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, often seen in cirrhosis.
What is ascites?
A thrombophlebitis in a post-operative patient is a risk for embolism. What is the best nursing intervention to prevent this?
What is to encourage early ambulation and administer anticoagulants as prescribed?
This condition involves inflammation of the pericardium and can lead to chest pain and shortness of breath.
What is pericarditis?
This type of pulmonary disease involves the formation of scar tissue within the lung parenchyma.
What is pulmonary fibrosis?
What is the main treatment for hemophilia to prevent bleeding episodes?
What is replacement of clotting factors (Factor VIII or IX)?
This condition is caused by insufficient insulin secretion, leading to elevated blood glucose levels and potential ketoacidosis.
What is type 1 diabetes mellitus?
What is the first-line treatment for status epilepticus?
What is IV lorazepam (Ativan) or diazepam (Valium)?
This condition can result from prolonged obstruction in the urinary tract and may require surgical intervention.
What is hydronephrosis?
This condition is a hypersensitivity reaction characterized by anaphylaxis due to exposure to certain allergens.
What is an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis?
This autoimmune disorder results in progressive, symmetric joint involvement and is characterized by joint deformities and morning stiffness.
What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
This disorder is caused by the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, resulting in heartburn and potential esophageal damage.
What is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
This post-operative complication occurs due to immobility and is characterized by deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
What is a pulmonary embolism?