tectonic plates
what causes the movement of earth's tectonic plates?
the movement of molten rocks underneath the plates
what is the name for the process of breaking down rocks by water, wind, etc.
weathering
why do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur near plate boundaries?
when plates collide or pull apart, the force is so powerful that it causes these disasters.
what are the oldest and youngest mountain ranges in canada?
the oldest are the appalachian mountains on canada's east coast. the youngest are the rocky mountains on canada's west coast.
what is subduction?
when one tectonic plate "slides" under another
what is the theory of plate tectonics?
that we live on the earth's crust and underneath us is tectonic plates. the movement of these plates cause earthquakes, volcano eruptions and the formation of mountains.
how is igneous rock formed?
Igneous rock is made of cooled magma/lava
what is the ring of fire?
the boundary of the continental plates around the pacific ocean. these areas are home to the most natural disasters
where are the most important agriculture areas in canada located?
The Great Lakes - St Lawrence Lowlands and the Interior Plains
what is the name of the scale that measures the amount of energy of an earthquake?
the richter scale
what occurs on the ocean floor when plates move apart or collide?
when plates move apart (also known as diverging) the sea floor spread apart, magma comes out and a ridge is formed. when the plates collide (also known as converging) one plate slides under the other and a trench is formed.
how is metamorphic rock created?
when igneous and sedimentary rocks are exposed to heat and pressure
what are the 3 main types of volcanoes?
composite (traditional, steep volcanoes), shield (not as steep, with more mild eruptions) and cinder core (most common, the smallest)
what landform region is ECI on?
Great Lakes and Saint Lawrence Lowlands
what does dormant mean?
dormant is a term used to decribe volcanoes that appear to be "sleeping" and may erupt again but not for 1000s of years
who are in charge of the Pangeae theories?
In 1912, Alfred Wegner suggested the earth's continents were moving. In 1968, J. Tuzo Wilson came up with the idea of plate tectonics.
how is sedimentary rock created?
as a result of sediemnts going through erosion, deposition and compression
what is a landform region?
a piece of land that has ceratin characteristics, shape and is formed naturally
how soon after water retreats into the ocean does a tsunami hit?
5 mintutes
what evidence suggest the continents were once all connected (to form Pangaea)?
there is glacial evidence, because remains of glaciers have been found in places that are too warm for them. there are similar rock and fossils found in different parts of the world. and the continent borders seem to fit together.
what makes the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Lowlands landform region so good?
They contain about 50% of Canada's population and 70% of Canada's manufacturing. They have very fertile land
what are the 3 landforms in canada?
the Canadian shield, highlands (the Appalachians, the rocky mountains, the western cordillera) and lowlands (the interior plains, great lakes, st Lawrence lowlands)