Russian Revolution
Tsar and Tsarina of Russia
Nicholas II and Alexandra
The poor, uneducated peasants who were legally bound to the noble whose land they worked.
serfs
This was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used revolutionary terror to solidify the home front. He tried rebels and they were all judged severely and most were executed.
Rein of Terror
What does Renaissance mean?
Rebirth of Classical art and literature
Current president of Russia
Vladamir Putin
The Russian parliament (i.e. legislative body of the Russian national government).
Duma
a system in which communal lands were replaced by farms owned by individuals, and use of the land was restricted to the owner or tenants who rented the land from the owner
enclosure system
A palace built by Louis XIV outside of Paris; it was home to Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
Versailles
A well known Italian Renaissance artist, architect, musician, mathemetician, engineer, and scientist. Known for the Mona Lisa.
Leonardo da Vinci
Joseph Stalin's policy of exiling or killing millions of his opponents in the Soviet Union.
Purges
Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II
Rasputin
a deadly disease that spread across Asia and Europe in the mid-14th century, killing millions of people. One was pneumonic plague the other
Bubonic plague
97% of the population (the rest of France) They consisted of the bourgeoisie, the san-culottes and the peasants; they paid high taxes and had no special privileges
3rd Estate
An Italian sculptor, painter, poet, engineer, and architect. Famous works include the mural on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and the sculpture of the biblical character David.
Michaelangelo
In communist and other systems, the excessive adulation of a single leader.
Cult of Personality
The slogan used by Lenin to win the support of the people; Peace appealed to the soldiers; Land appealed to the peasants; and Bread appealed to the workers.
Peace, Land, Bread
A large estate, often including farms and a village, ruled by a lord.
Manor
A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
Tennis court oath
An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements
Humanism
Stalin's attempt to modernize the Soviet Union; these set almost impossible quotas for industrial workers and agricultural farmers to meet; As a result of these, the USSR did modernize.
5 year plans
Led by Vladimir Lenin it was the Russian communist party that took over the Russian goverment during WWI
Bolsheviks
Language of the Church
Latin
This is the date that represents the symbolic start of the French Revolution; Parisians stormed the Bastille
July 14, 1789
(1483-1520) Italian Renaissance painter; he painted frescos, his most famous being The School of Athens.
Raphael
a man-made famine-genocide in which the USSR starved the people of Ukraine; killed millions
Holodomor