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Topic 15

100

Assemblage of populations of different species that live close enough to interact

Community

200

Individuals of 2 or more species live in direct and intimate contact with eachother

Symbiosis

300

Competition - Prevent another
from using resource by excluding
them (behaviorally) or
establishing territories

Interference

400

Range of conditions & resources organism could use

Parasitism

500

Range of conditions & resources organism could use

Fundamental Niche

Topic 16

100

Lotka-Volterra predator-preyPrey Growth 

Capture efficiency: per capita death rate of prey per predator

C

200

Adaptations refined by

Natural selection

300

(+/+) interaction - Benefits both species

Mutualism

400

(+/-) Interaction  - one organism derives nourishment from another which is harmed in process. (Non lethal) (long term)

Parasitism

500

Synchronous
production of progeny
Causes predator
satiation

Masting

Topic 17

100

Number of species in community

Species richness

200

A group of prey that
surround and attack a potential
predator or threat in order to
drive it off

Mobbing

300

Relative Abundance of each species 

(Number of individuals in one species)/ (Total number of individuals in population) 

Pi 

400

Influence on community is
proportionally greater than its numbers
would sugges

Keystone species

500

Larger areas have more species than smaller area

Species-Area Hypothesis

Topic 18

100

Length of food chain limited by
the inefficiency of energy transfer along the chain

Energetic hypothesis

200

Amount of light energy converted to
new biomass

Primary Production

300

Amount of the previous trophic level digested by a consumer trophic leve

Assimilation (A)

400

-Predation mainly controls community organization
-Removing top predators increases primary carnivores which decrease herbivores
-Release primary producer

Top Down

500

Percent of captured energy converted
to biomass

And PPE=?/GPP

Primary Production Efficiency (PPE)

NPP (Net Primary Production)

Topic 19 Bonus!

100

Deforestation ______ habitat size

Decreases

200

A non-native species whose introduction can cause economic or environmental harm, or harm to human health

Invasive species

300

-Extinctions, reductions in populations
-Reduce biodiversity
-Alter ecosystem stability / function
-Economically costly
-Threaten human health

Effects of invasive species 

400

Toxins more concentrated at higher trophic levels
(generally for fat soluble chemicals)

Biological magnification

500

Be a EGO or be a ECO?

Be a ECO!!