Matter and Particles
Anything that has mass and takes up space is called this.
Matter
This state has a definite shape and a definite volume.
Solid
This phase change turns ice into liquid water.
Melting
This property describes the amount of matter in an object.
Mass
This property compares the mass of matter with its volume.
Density
All matter is made of these extremely small pieces.
Particles.
This state takes the shape of its container but keeps a definite volume.
Liquid
This phase change turns liquid water into ice.
Freezing
This property describes the amount of space matter takes up.
Volume
An object is less dense than water. Predict what it will do in water.
Float
Even in a solid, particles are always doing this.
Moving — solid particles vibrate in place.
This state has particles far apart that move freely in all directions.
Gas
A puddle dries as liquid water becomes water vapour. Name the phase change.
Evaporation
Choose a sensible unit for the mass of a student
Kilograms (kg)
Two blocks have the same volume. Block A is 80 g and Block B is 160 g. Which is denser, and why?
Block B. It has more mass in the same volume.
These forces pull particles toward each other.
Attractive forces
Explain why juice can flow while a wooden block keeps its shape.
Liquid particles slide past each other. Solid particles vibrate in fixed positions.
Droplets form outside a cold glass. Name the phase change and explain where the water comes from.
Condensation. Water vapour in the surrounding air cools and becomes liquid.
An astronaut travels to the Moon. Which changes: mass or weight? Explain why.
Weight changes because gravity is different. Mass stays the same.
Explain why ice floats on liquid water. Include volume and density.
Ice takes up more volume than the same mass of liquid water, making it less dense, so it floats.
Someone says air is not matter because it is invisible. Give a reason why air is matter.
Air has mass and takes up space.
Describe particle spacing and movement in one of the three states.
Solid: very close, vibrate in place.
Liquid: fairly close, slide past each other.
Gas: far apart, move freely in all directions.
Explain why a bridge needs gaps between its sections on hot days. Include particles in your answer.
The gaps allow expansion. When heated, particles move faster and usually spread slightly farther apart, increasing the material’s volume.
A sealed container holds 90 g of ice. All the ice melts, and nothing enters or leaves. State the water’s mass and explain.
90 g. Changing state does not change mass when no matter enters or leaves.
Why is air easier to compress than water?
Air particles have large spaces between them and can be pushed closer together. Water particles are already close together. The particles themselves do not shrink.