Structure of the Earth
Continental Drift Theory
Plate Tectonics
Miscellaneous
Earth History
100
There are ____ main layers of the Earth.
4
100
The theory that all continents are fragments of Pangaea now drifting apart
Continental Drift Theory
100
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are usually located in relation to these
plate boundary
100
The Himalayan mountains are the result of a ______ boundary.
convergent boundary
100
Complete the statement with the appropriate terms. Deeper rock layers are 1.________ and upper layers are 2._________.
1.older
2.younger
200
The thickest layer of the Earth
Mantle
200
Evidence of matching animal fossils from two separate continents ________ and ________
Africa and South America
200
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a ______ boundary and ______ occurs here where new ocean floor is formed.
divergent boundary; sea-floor spreading
200
Name four of the major plates
Any of the following North American plate, South American plate, Eurasian Plate, Indoaustralia plate, African plate, Antarctica plate
200
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ________ boundary.
transform boundary
300
____________ are a result from the build up of stress at a plate boundary.
Earthquakes
300
Evidence of tropical plants were found on this continent
Antarctica
300
The two types of convergent boundaries
subduction (where volcanoes often occur) and collision (where mountains are usually formed)
300
Continental Drift Theory was not accepted because it did not explain this
how the continents moved
300
States that youngest rocks of ocean floor are at divergin boundaries, moving outward
seafloor spreading
400
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
the lithosphere
400
Match each type of evidence (letter) to the claim it supports (number). Each answer choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
a. Fossil distribution across continents
b. Age of oceanic crust near mid-ocean ridges
c. Location of earthquakes & volcanoes along plate boundaries
1. Earth's surface is shaped by weathering
2. Plates have moved over time
3. New crust forms at mid-ocean ridges
A - 2
B - 3
C - 2
400
Select TWO pieces of evidence that best support the claim from the previous question.
A. Matching fossils on different continents
B. Similar shapes of continents
C. Weather patterns
D. Age pattern of seafloor crust
E. Ocean depth differences
A. Matching fossils on different continents
D. Age pattern of seafloor crust
400
Match each plate boundary (letter) to what occurs at that boundary (number). Each answer choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A. Boundary A
B. Boundary B
C. Boundary C
1. New crust forms
2. Volcanic island arcs form and earthquakes form
3. Mountains form and earthquakes occur
A - 1
B - 2
C - 3
400
Match each observation from the rock column (letters) to what it shows about Earth’s history (numbers).
A. Triolobite fossils are found in the bottom layer.
B. Ammonite fossils are in a layer above trilobite fossils.
C. Brachiopod fossils are found in multiple layers.
1. Upper layers contain younger fossils
2. Some organisms lived during multiple time periods
3. Deeper layers contain older fossils
A - 3
B - 1
C - 2
500
The Earth's crust is thinnest under the ______ and thickest under the ______.
thinnest under the ocean and thickest under the continents
500
Pangaea existed how many millions of years ago?
around 250 million years ago
500
The map on the left shows the age of the Atlantic Ocean seafloor. The map on the right shows where fossils of Glossopteris (an ancient fern), Mesosaurus, and Cynognathus (ancient reptiles) have been observed.
Which claim is best supported by the data in the images?
A. Continents have always stayed in the same place
B. Fossils formed at the same time in different places
C. Animals and plants traveled across oceans
D. Continents were once connected and later moved apart
D. Continents were once connected and later moved apart
500
The diagram shows different types of plate boundaries, labeled A, B, and C. Scientists observe earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain formation at these boundaries.
Which claim is best supported by the diagram?
A. All plate boundaries form new crust
B. Different plate boundaries produce different geographic features
C. Plate boundaries always create the same geographic features
D. Plate movement only occurs at one type of boundary
B. Different plate boundaries produce different geographic features
500
The image shows a rock column containing fossils. Scientists know that triolobites lived on Earth until around 250 million years ago, and ammonites lived on Earth until around 65 million years ago.
Which claim is supported by the rock column?
A. All layers have formed at the same time
B. All fossils in the rock column are the same age
C. Fossils in the deeper layers are older than those in the upper layers
D. Younger fossils are found deeper underground
C. Fossils in the deeper layers are older than those in the upper layers