Jerusalem
How many crusader kingdoms were there?
Five
Who was Eleanor of Aquitaine?
She was an influential queen of France and England.
Who was Saladin?
He was a Muslim conqueror.
What crusader fought against and was respected by Saladin?
Richard the Lionheart
What was the main objective of the Crusades?
Reclaim the Holy Land
What did the pope promise to those who went on crusades?
Their sins would be forgiven, and they would go to heaven if they died.
How did the Eastern and Western churches often view each other?
They did not agree with each other.
What ethnic group (not religious) was often an enemy of the Byzantines?
the Turks
What did one of the leaders of the children's crusade promise, which did not happen?
He said that the sea would part.
Describe the knights templars' banking system.
Crusaders could deposit money before leaving home and then withdraw it when they were on the way to or in the Holy Land.
What happened to the children who participated in the children's crusade?
Went home
Shipwrecked and drowned
Killed by Muslims
Sold into slavery
Got jobs
What was the outcome of the first crusade?
The crusaders conquered Jerusalem.
Who were the Knights Templar?
Warrior monks who were the police of Jerusalem
Why did the pope not excommunicate the crusaders who sacked Constantinople?
The Greek church was now under his authority.
What was the crusaders' justification for not giving land to the Byzantine empire?
The Byz emperor had not sent help.
Why didn't Richard trust King Philip II?
He wanted his share of the spoils when he had not been involved in the conflict. He conspired with Richard's brother John in trying to cheat Richard of his land at home.
List four negative perceptions of the Crusades.
brutal wars of intolerance
driven by greed
Christian jihads
Created ongoing problems between Christians and Muslims
How did the peasant crusade and the German crusade differ from the first crusade?
Influenced by preachers who stirred up emotions
Did not have armies
Pillaged cities who did not have resources to help them
Indiscriminate killing of Muslims and Jews
List three things the nobles did in preparation for going on the first crusade.
Raised armies
Gathered supplies
Appointed guardians for lands at home
List four positive outcomes of the First Crusade.
Crusaders started monasteries and built churches. Manufacturing developed. Hospitals were built. Religious tolerance was practiced.