States of Matter
What are the 3 main states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Describe what happens when a solid turns into a liquid.
The temperature and thermal energy increases, causing the particles to speed up and move freely, becoming a liquid.
How does increasing the pressure affect a gas
Makes the molecules move closer together, causing it to become a liquid
What happens to molecular motion when heat is added?
The kinetic energy of the molecules heats up and they begin to move faster
Fill in the blank:
Adding thermal energy increases the motion of ____________
particles
Which state of matter has the most particle movement?
Gas
What is Vaporization?
The change from a liquid to a gas when thermal energy is added
What role does pressure play in condensation?
The pressure increases, causing the particle to move closer together and become a liquid
What is the freezing point of water in celcius?
0 C
As heat increases, what happens to a liquid?
a) condense
b) vaporize
c) freeze
b) vaporize
How does removing thermal energy affect a liquid?
Causes it to freeze in to a solid
What is the difference between melting and freezing?
Melting is when a change occurs from a solid to a liquid because of the increase in thermal energy. Freezing is a decrease in thermal energy, causing a liquid to become a solid.
What causes a liquid to freeze into a solid?
a)increase pressure and remove thermal energy
b)decrease pressure and add energy
a) increase pressure and remove energy
What is the freezing point of water in Fahrenheit?
32 F
Fill in the blank:
Increase in motion is seen as an increase in ___________
Kinetic energy
Why is temperature important in determining state changes?
It is the main factor that decides the state of matter the substance is in. It defines the boiling point, melting point, condensing point, and freezing point.
Give an example of vaporization in everyday life
A puddle evaporating on the sidewalk
How can pressure cause vaporization?
What is the effect of decreasing temperature on a gas
the particles slow down and it becomes a liquid
What factor increases molecular motion?
a) pressure
b) temperature
c) condensation
b) temperature
What plays the largest role in determining whether a substance will freeze, melt, boil, or evaporate?
Temperature
Name a situation where pressure prevents evaporation
When pressure increases to the point where the substance is unable to reach its vaporization point. Typically in areas of high pressure.
BONUS:
describe how storms can affect evaporation due to pressure changes
Storms decrease the air pressure making it easier for water to evaporate
How does energy transfer cause melting
The thermal energy of the solid increases until the substance reaches its melting point and becomes a liquid
What happens to a gas when you decrease temperature and increase the pressure?
It becomes a liquid through condensation