Chapter 1 (First row)
This is the Science of Behavior of and mental processes
What is Psychology
Curiosity: Includes a passion to explore and understand the world without misleading or being misled
Skepticism: Supports questions about behavior and mental processes (What do you mean?) (How do you know?)
Humility: Involves awareness of our vulnerability to error and willingness to be surprised
What is the three characteristics of the scientific attitude?
___: Emphasized human growth potential
- Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow focused on need of love, acceptance, and an environment that nurtures or limits personal growth.
What is Humanistic Psychology
These are the building blocks of the nervous system (Nerve Cell)
- On the top of your head, can you tell me the different parts of a neuron?
What is a Neuron
- Dendrites, Cell body, Axon, Myelin Sheath, Terminal Branches
This is the brain's ability to change, especially during childhood. Makes unused brain areas available for other uses for ex. in case of blindness or deafness, or damage to one hemisphere.
What is Neural plasticity
____: This type of group whose members do not receive treatment
____: This type of group receives the treatment
What is
- Control group
Experimental group
True or false: Science can test a theory, refine a theory, and generate new theories
True or false:
Science cannot prove a theory, determine absolute truth, or explain everything
What is
- True
- True
This is an example of research that uses methods such as: Case studies, Naturalistic Observations, and Surveys
What is Descriptive Research
This is a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon (Neural Impulse)
___: a neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full-strength response) or not firing at all
What is an Action potential
What is the All-or none response
These are the four lobes in our cortex (also briefly explain what each lobe do)
What is Frontal Lobes (Speaking and muscle movements), Parietal lobes (Receives sensory input for touch and body position), Occipital Lobes (Vision), Temporal Lobes (Hearing)
This involves a systematic process of observation, experimentation, and analysis to develop and test theories about natural phenomena.
What is The scientific approach to understanding the world, nature, and new information
These are to describe, explain, predict, and to control or influence natural phenomenon
What are the 4 main goals of science
This is a type of research in which researchers manipulate factors of interest to determine their effects and hold constant (controlling) other factors.
What is Experimentation
These are chemical messengers that cross synaptic gaps between neurons
What are Neurotransmitters
____: Molecule that increases a neurotransmitter's action
____: Molecule that inhibits or blocks a neurotransmitter's action
What is Agonist
What is Antagonist
- Drugs and other chemicals affect brain chemistry, often by either exciting or inhibiting neuron's firing.
___: Testable prediction, often implies by a theory
___: Factor that is manipulated, the variable whose effect is being studied
___: Factor that is measured, the variable that may change when the independent variable is manipulated
___: Factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect
What is
- Hypothesis
- Independent Variable
- Dependent Variable
- Confounding Variable
Second major school of thought
___: Key figures like Thorndike, Pavlov, Watson, skinner, and bandura
- Behavior had to be scientifically defined, conditioned, observed, and measured
What is behaviorism?
This is a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures (operations) used in a research study
What is Operational definition
___: This is the system in which sensory and motor neurons connecting the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body. Involves the somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system.
___: This is the system for brain and spinal cord
___: This is the system that calms and conserves energy, allowing routine maintenance activity and controls involuntary muscles and glands.
What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What is the Central Nervous system (CNS)
What is the parasympathetic nervous system
____: Recieves incoming messages from skin sensen sand movement of body parts. In front of parietal lobes, parallel to and behind motor cortex
____: Receives input from eyes; sends information to other task-specialized areas (face identification, emotion detection, face recognition)
What is the Somatosensory cortex
What is the Visual cortex
This indicates a direct relationship, meaning that two things increase together or decrease together (Numerical number?)
This indicates an indirect relationship, meaning that when one thing increases, the other decreases. (Numerical number?)
What is a positive correlation (1.00)
What is a negative correlation (-1.00)
First main schools of thought:
____: Technique of introspection to reveal structure of human mind
____: How mental and behavioral processes function and enable adaptation, survival, and flourishing
What is
- Structuralism
- Functionalism
___:This is the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using natural selection principles\
___: This is the issue in which we ask "are traits present at birth or developed through experience?
What is
- Evolutionary Psychology
- Nature-Nurture issue
___: An intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres. Is the body's ultimate control and information-processing center.
___: Processes sensory input, coordinates voluntary movement output and balance, and enables nonverbal learning and memory; affected by alcohol (Little brain, rear of brainstem)
What is Cerebral Cortex
What is Cerebellum
This is the slow chemical communication system; set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
What is the Endocrine system