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Give 2 examples of system softwares and 2 examples of application softwares.
Application software: Excel, Word, Chrome
System software: Windows, Android, Linux
What is an automated system?
A system that works by itself using machines and software.
What is a programming language?
A programming language is a way to give instructions to a computer.
What is programming in robotics?
Programming is writing instructions that tell a robot what to do.
an AI learn new things?
Yes, some AI can learn from data and get better over time.
State 3 functions of an operating system
Managing files, handling interrupts, providing an interface, managing peripherals and drivers, managing memory, managing multitasking, providing a platform for running applications, providing system security,managing user accounts
How does a microprocessor help in automation?
It processes data from sensors and sends commands to actuators.
Explain what a compiler is
A compiler is a software tool that translates an entire high-level programming language program into machine code or an intermediate code all at once.
State 2 key components of robotics
Sensors, actuators, control systems, mechanical structure, power systems
Definition of AI
Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn.
Explain the difference between system software and application software
System software runs the computer and supports other programs; application software helps users perform tasks.
Give two examples of automated systems in daily life.
Automatic doors and traffic lights
State 2 disadvantages of low-level language programing
complexity, platform dependence, development time
What is the purpose of sensors in robots?
Sensors help robots detect their environment, like seeing, feeling, or measuring things.
What is the difference between narrow AI and general AI?
Narrow AI is designed for specific tasks (e.g., facial recognition), while general AI would perform any intellectual task a human can do.
Define what is an interrupt
An interrupt is a signal sent from a device or from software to the microprocessor. This will cause the microprocessor to temporarily stop what it is doing so that it can service the interrupt.
How do automated systems increase productivity in manufacturing?
They perform repetitive tasks quickly and consistently, reducing errors and downtime
State 2 examples of low-level languages
Assembly Language, machine code,C:, fortran, ada, COBOL, LISP
How do robots use machine learning?
Robots use machine learning to improve performance by analyzing data and adapting their behavior over time.
Define Machine learning
Definition: Machine learning is a subset of AI that enables systems to automatically improve their performance on a task without being explicitly programmed. It involves training algorithms on data to make predictions or decisions.
How does system software handle interrupts, and why is this important for application responsiveness?
Interrupts allow the OS to pause current tasks and respond to urgent events (e.g., input), ensuring applications remain responsive and efficient
Why is real-time processing important in automated systems?
It allows the system to respond instantly to changes, which is critical in safety or precision tasks.
Describe the role of an assembler in programming.
An assembler converts Assembly language code into machine code that the processor can execute.
What is the difference between autonomous and semi-autonomous robots?
Robots use machine learning to improve performance by analyzing data and adapting their behavior over time.
Define Expert systems
Definition: Expert systems are computer programs designed to mimic the decision-making ability of a human expert in a specific domain. They are based on a knowledge base and a set of rules (inference engine) that apply to that knowledge.