CNS Foundations
What two structures make up the central nervous system?
The brain and spinal cord
Where is the cerebellum located?
Posterior to the brain stem
What are the temporal lobes mainly responsible for?
Hearing
What is the function of the cerebellum?
Coordination of movement and balance
What is Broca’s area responsible for?
Motor area for speech
What are the main functions of the central nervous system?
Coordination and processing
What is the corpus callosum?
Connects the brain hemispheres
Which lobe is primarily responsible for vision?
Occipital lobe
What is the function of the medulla oblongata?
Regulates heart rate, breathing, and vomiting
What is Wernicke’s area responsible for?
Understanding language and sensory interpretation
Where does the spinal cord end?
Lumbar 2 vertebra
What is the longitudinal fissure?
Divides the brain into left and right hemispheres
Where is Broca’s area located?
Frontal lobe
What is the function of the thalamus?
Relays sensory and motor information
What is the function of the hippocampus?
Creates long‑term memory
What is white matter primarily composed of?
Myelinated axons
What is the largest part of the brain responsible for higher thinking?
The cerebrum
What two lobes are separated by the central sulcus?
Frontal and parietal lobes
What does contralateral control mean?
Opposite sides of the body are controlled by opposite sides of the brain
What system coordinates emotion, smell, and memory?
Limbic system
What is the overall role of the central nervous system
It processes information and coordinates responses throughout the body
What is the raised fold on the surface of the brain?
A gyrus
What are two things that protect the CNS from damage?
The skull and cerebrospinal fluid
Why can smells often trigger strong memories or emotions?
Smell is directly linked to the limbic system
What is the correct order of the meninges from outermost to innermost?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater