Evolution
A mutation causes a change to this
What is DNA?
Natural selection works because this often happens to individuals that are not as well suited to their environment
What is they die before they can reproduce?
These parts of organisms are most likely to be fossilised
What are the hard parts e.g. bones?
The first birds appeared during this period
When was the Jurassic Period?
Darwin noticed this adaptation amongst the finches of the Galapagos Islands
What are different shaped beaks?
A species can be defined this way
What is organisms that can reproduce together and create fertile offspring?
This is the relationship between natural selection and evolution
What is natural selection is the process which causes evolution?
This refers to body structures that have similar structures even if they serve very different functions e.g. bat wings and human arms
What is homologous?
This time scale is used to measure the history of Earth
What is the Geological time scale?
This adaptation allows organisms to blend into their environment
What is camouflage?
This happens to the size of most populations over time
What is it stays constant?
This is a common selection pressure and involves the risk of being eaten
What is predation?
This is the study of the distribution of organisms around the world
What is biogeography?
The first lifeform had this many cells
How many is 1?
Peppered moths adapted to the industrial revolution in this way
What is they became darker?
This phrase describes the fact that offspring are often slightly different to their parents
What is descent with modification?
This refers to the the fact that members of a species are different to each other
What is variation?
This is an example of a chemical that can be used as biochemical evidence for evolution
What is DNA, RNA or protein?
We are currently living in this eon
What is the Phanerozoic eon?
Australian plants have many adaptations such as small leaves to allow them to do this
What is conserve water?
Lamarck proposed this alternative theory to evolution
What is animals change whenever they need to?
This is why antibiotics become less effective over time
What is bacteria develop antibiotic resistance due to natural selection?
This piece of evidence compares the appearance of animals in the egg or womb
What is comparative embryology?
This event occurred ~542mya and appears in the fossil record as a large increase in the diversity of life
What is the Cambrian explosion?
Koalas have a large caecum so that they can do this
What is digest gum leaves?